GU Disorders Flashcards
6 functions of the urinary system?
- Maintains blood volume
- Balances pH, water and electrolytes
- Ensue that key elements remain in the blood such as glucose, potassium, hydrogen
- Waste removal
- Regulation of arterial blood pressure
- Development of red blood cells
What is the greatest factor in acute kidney failure?
Loss of blood pressure and flow to the kidneys, likelihood increases with a mean atrial pressure below 65mmHg
What is testicular torsion?
Spermatic cord twists inside the skin causing the blood vessels to twist and cut off circulation to the testes
Why is benign prostatic hypertrophy?
Enlarged prostate
What are 4 non traumatic causes of GU issues?
- Inflammatory or immune mediated disease
- Infectious disease
- Physical obstruction
- Hemorrhage
What is acute Renal failure?
A sudden drop in urine production, occurs when kidneys suddenly become unable to filter waste products from the blood.
Fatal amounts of waste can accumulate in your blood
5 Causes of renal failure?
- Hypertension
- Chronic heart failure
- Diabetes
- Chronic infection
- Autoimmune disease
4 Risk factors of renal and urologic emergencies?
- Older patients
- History of diabetes
- History of hypertension
- Multiple risk factors
What’s are 4 renal and urologic emergencies?
- Acute renal failure
- Chronic renal failure
- Renal calculi
- UTI
What is diabetic nephropathy?
When unmanaged high BGL levels cause vessels to become blocked and constricted reducing blood flow to the kidneys making hem ischemic
What is chronic renal failure?
Inadequate kidney function due to permanent loss of nephrons
What is renal dialysis?
Artificial replacement of some of the kidney functions
Temporarily eliminates volume overload and toxic metabolites
Blood passes through a machine, minimum blood flow of 300 ml-400 ml/minute
3x per week for 4-5 hours
What is peritoneal dialysis?
A solution is pumped into the peritoneum where an exchange can occur between the rich blood supply and dialysate
Waste fluid is then drained and disposed of
Most common STI’s?
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- Syphilis
What does nosocomial mean?
A infection you get in the hospital from other treatments
