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A&P II - Final! > GU > Flashcards

GU Flashcards

1
Q

filling of the bladder:

detrusor m:

internal sphincter:

external sphincter:

A

detrusor m: relaxed → SNS

internal sphincter: contracted → SNS

external sphincter: contracted → voluntary

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2
Q

emptying of bladder:

detrusor:

internal sphincter:

external sphincter:

A

detrusor: contracted → PSNS

internal sphincter: relaxed → PSNS

external sphincter: relaxed → voluntary

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3
Q

SNS innervation of bladder/urethra

A

spinal cord → L1-L3

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4
Q

PSNS innervation of bladder/urethra

A

S2-S4 → pudendal n

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5
Q

external sphincter is under __ control (2)

A

somatic

voluntary

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6
Q

trigone m is the __ portion

of the __

A

triangular

bladder floor

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7
Q

ventral trigone is formed by the

A

internal urethral sphincter

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8
Q

dorsolateral trigone

A

right and left ureter

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9
Q

male catheterization anatomy

A

curve upward at 30 degree angle at the prostate

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10
Q

female catheterization anatomy

A

shorter

no curve

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11
Q

short urethra predisposes to

A

cystitis

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12
Q

4 parts of male urethra

A

preprostatic

prostatic

membranous

spongy

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13
Q

course of round ligament

A

superior lateral uterus → thru inguinal canal → labia majora

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14
Q

when the round ligament is stretched in pregnancy, pain can be felt in the __ (2)

A

groin

labia majora

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15
Q

supporting structures of the uterus

A

pelvic diaphragm

urogenital diaphragm/perineal membrane

perineal body

true ligamentous structures

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16
Q

pelvic diaphragm includes (3)

A

levator ani m

coccygeus m

associated fascia

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17
Q

the perineal body separates the __

and the __

A

vagina

anus

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18
Q

clinical significance of perineal body

A

often tear during vaginal delivery → widens gap btw free borders of levator ani on both sides → incontinence

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19
Q

what procedure is sometimes done to prevent 4th/5th degree perineal body tears

A

episiotomy

20
Q

true ligamentous structures of uterus (3)

A

transverse (cardinal)

anterior pubocervical

uterosacral

21
Q

what ligament runs from either side of cervix to the pelvic wall

A

transverse (cardinal)

22
Q

what ligament runs from the uterus to the pubic symphysis

A

anterior pubocervical

23
Q

what ligament runs from the posterior cervix to the sacrum

A

uterosacral

24
Q

ligamentous structures of the uterus that are NOT true support structures

A

broad

round

suspensory

peritoneal folds

25
Q

arterial supply to the ovaries

A

ovarian a

uterine a

vaginal a

26
Q

the ovarian a originates from the __

and is contained w.in the __

A

abd aorta

broad ligament

27
Q

the uterine and vaginal arteries arise from the

A

internal iliac a

28
Q

clinical significance of ovarian a

A

arises from abd aorta → high pressure → can cause hemorrhage in ectopic pregnancy

29
Q

venous supply to uterus

A

myometrial veins → uterine or ovarian veins in broad ligament

30
Q

arterial supply to testes

A

testicular a

cremasteric a

31
Q

course of testicular arteries

A

abd aort → inguinal canal → scrotum

32
Q

cremasteric a arises from the __

to the __

A

external iliac

inferior epigastric a

33
Q

venous supply to the testes

A

testicular vein

34
Q

testicular v drains to __ on the right

and __ on the left

A

right: IVC
left: renal vein

35
Q

what structure does the bladder communicate w. embryologically

A

urachus

36
Q

the urachus is a hollow canal connecting the fetal __

to the __

A

bladder

umbilical cord

37
Q

during fetal development, the urachus becomes the __

A

median umbilical ligament/fold

38
Q

the medial umbilical ligament is a remnant of the

A

umbilical a

39
Q

the umbilical a is connected to the __ during fetal development

A

internal iliac

40
Q

during development:

urachus →

umbilical a →

A

urachus → median umbilical ligament/fold

umbilical a → medial umbilical ligament

41
Q

alcock’s canal is same-same

A

pudendal canal

42
Q

contents of pudendal canal

A

pudendal v, a, n

43
Q

clinical significance of pudendal canal

A

injection of local anesthetic into canal medial to ischial tuberosity

44
Q

pudendal block more proximal adjacent to ischial spine will involve

A

inferior anal n

AND

perineal n

45
Q

more distal pudendal n block at the level of the ischial tuberosity will involve

A

perineal nerves

46
Q

total hysterectomy is removal of

A

uterus

body

fundus

cervix

SPARES ovaries

47
Q

what structure must be preserved in a total hysterectomy

A

suspensory ligament of ovary → for vessel and nerve supply

A&P II - Final! (4 decks)

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