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A&P II - Final! > GI (plus more MSK...oops) > Flashcards

GI (plus more MSK...oops) Flashcards

1
Q

types of pain fibers associated w. abd organs (3)

A

visceral

somatoparietal

referred

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2
Q

colicky pain that is intense and then lets up

cramping, burning, gnawing

A

visceral pain

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3
Q

what causes visceral pain

A

distension of hollow organ

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4
Q

why is visceral pain dull and poorly localized to midline

A

both sides of spinal cord stimulated by afferent impulses

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5
Q

does visceral pain correspond to dermatomes

A

roughly

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6
Q

is visceral pain referred

A

+/-

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7
Q

can visceral pain be elicited on PE

A

nope!

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8
Q

intense pain that is precisely located

A

somatoparietal

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9
Q

cause of somatoparietal pain

A

noxious stimuli of parietal peritoneum

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10
Q

example of somatoparietal pain

A

McBurney’s point in appendicitis

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11
Q

somatoparietal pain is aggravated by

A

moving/coughing

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12
Q

impulses in somatosensory spinal nerves obviously travel w. __ spinal nerves,

but NOT with __

A

somatosensory

ANS fibers

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13
Q

does somatoparietal pain correspond to dermatomes

A

yep!

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14
Q

why does somatoparietal pain localize

A

only one side of parietal peritoneum is innervated by somatosensory fibers at any given location

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15
Q

can somatoparietal pain be elicited on PE

A

yep!

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16
Q

remote pain from a diseased organ

A

referred

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17
Q

in referred pain, __

and __ from different anatomic regions

converge on __

in the __ at the same level

A

visceral afferents

somatic afferents

second order neurons

spinal cord

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18
Q

is referred pain well localized

A

yep!

sure is!

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19
Q

ex of referred pain

A

subphrenic abscess → pain interpreted in brain as coming from shoulder

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20
Q

where is cholecystitis pain felt

A

initial: subphrenic
later: RUQ

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21
Q

where is diverticulitis pain felt

A

initial: lower abd
later: LLQ

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22
Q

heart pain is referred to

A

T1-T5

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23
Q

t/f: the distal great saphenous vein is deep

A

F!

it is superficial

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24
Q

t/f: DVT can occur in great sahenous vein

A

T!

proximal great saphenous is considered deep bc it feeds into the femoral

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25
deep veins of the thigh/pelvis
tibialis → a/p popliteal femoral deep femoral common femoral pelvic proximal greater saph
26
where can arteries to the foot be palpated (2)
dorsalis pedis posterior tibial
27
dorsalis pedis pulse is between the \_\_ and __ muscles
extensor hallicus longus extensor digitorum longus
28
where is the posterior tibialis pulse located
postero-inferior to medial malleolus
29
what ankle injury is caused by plantarflexion and inversion
**atfl** cfl ptfl
30
what ankle injury is caused by eversion
**deltoid** pttl attl tcl tibionavicular
31
what ankle injury is caused by external rotation and dorsiflexion
**syndemosis/high →** anterior-inferior tibiofibular posterior-inferior tibiofibular transverse tibiofibular interosseous membrane/ligament inferior transverse ligament
32
what do you think when you see widening of the tibiofibular space suggesting an injury to the tibiofibular syndemosis
proximal fibular fx → maisonneuve fx complex
33
85% of all ankle sprains are
lateral ligament
34
mc injured lateral ligament
atfl
35
CN nerves involved in swallowing
V VII IX X XI XII
36
chewing and sensation CN
V
37
taste on anterior ⅔ of tongue is mediated by CN \_\_ via the __ m
VII chorda tympani m
38
taste AND sensation on posterior ⅓ of tongue sensation in oropharynx and upper pharynx
IX
39
sensation from throat/esophagus/abd viscera taste from epiglottis motor of soft palate/throat/abd viscera airway protection
CN X
40
swallowing fxn
CN XI
41
motor nerves to tongue
XII
42
9 causes of dysphagia
age → weakening of sphincters esophageal diverticuli shatzki's ring hiatus hernia GER/GERD achalasia barrett's esophageal carcinoma esophageal varices
43
3 types of diverticlum that cause dysphagia
zenker's traction epiphrenic
44
bird's beak on barium swallow
achalasia
45
upper esophageal carcinoma is caused by
etoh cigs
46
lower esophageal ca is caused by
GERD/Barrett's
47
arteries to: foregut midgut hindgut
foregut: celiac midgut: superior mesenteric hindgut: inferior mesenteric
48
foregut extends from \_\_ to \_\_
esophagus proximal duodenum
49
midgut extends from \_\_ to \_\_
distal duodenum proximal ⅔ of transverse colon
50
hindgut extends from \_\_ to \_\_
distal ⅓ of transverse colon superior part of rectum
51
3 dependent areas of peritoneal cavity
hepatorenal space (morrison's) rectouterine (douglas) rectovesical
52
6 types of hernias of lower anterior abd wall
inguinal umbilical femoral para-umbilical incisional spigellian
53
2 types of inguinal hernia
direct indirect
54
hernia that goes thru the superficial inguinal ring
indirect
55
hernia that goes thru the wall of the inguinal canal
direct inguinal
56
bulge under the inguinal ligament
femoral hernia
57
the vitelline duct is a remnant of the \_\_ that is in the area of the \_\_ and attached to the \_\_
yolk sac umbilicus small bowel
58
the vitelline duct is a connection btw the \_\_ and the \_\_
yolk sac midgut
59
what can happen if the vitelline duct persists
meckel's diverticulum
60
complications of meckel's diverticulum
inflammation hemorrhage intusussception obstruction ulceration
61
pathway of pain in appendicitis
visceral afferent PLUS sympathetic → enter spinal cord together at T10 level → pain referred to T10 dermatome (umbilical region)
62
diaphragmatic pain is referred to
C3-5 *phrenic n → 3,4,5 keeps you alive*
63
stomach pain is referred to
T5-T7
64
appendix pain is referred to
T10
65
appendicitis pain begins as __ pain, and after 6-10 hr localized to \_\_, which is same-same \_\_, and becomes \_\_
periumbilical colicky (visceral) RLQ McBurney's point somatoparietal
66
ureter pain is referred to
T12 - L2
67
location of ischiorectal fossa
lateral to anal canal inferior to pelvic diaphragm
68
roof of ischiorectal fossa
levator ani
69
floor of ischiorectal fossa
perineal fascia
70
medial border of ischiorectal fossa
external and internal anal sphincters/anal canal
71
clinical significance of ischiorectal fossa
abscesses can form here from anal/genital area difficult to treat dt poor blood supply

A&P II - Final! (4 decks)

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