GU Flashcards
UTI more common in men or women?
women
UTI usually caused by?
e.coli
cm of upper tract UTI
fever, abdominal and flank pain
chills
confusion
lower tract UTI cm
dysuria (discomfort while urinating) polyuria urgency hematuria burning on urination foul smelling urine confusion
diagnostics of UTI
urinalysis
whats a urine culture done for (C&S)
done to identify causative organisms
whats acute pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal collection system and the renal parenchyma
what is pyelonephritis caused by
bacteria
where does pyelonephritis usually begin and spread from?
lower urinary system and renal medulla
diagnostics of pyelonephritis
CBC ultrasound urinalysis urince C&S blood culture
cm of acute pyelonephritis
costovertebral angle tenderness chills fever flank pain malaise hematuria bacteriuria urosepsis
cm of chronic pyelonephritis
shrunken kidney
lost kidney function due to fibrosis
often diagnosed with end stage renal disease
treatment for cute and chronic pyelonephritis
treat dehydration
meds: antiobiotics for 14-21 days, pain meds
subjective data to collect in those with UTI?
previous uti health hx urinary symtpoms meds sexual activity sx
objective data to collect in those with UTI?
- Assess for signs and symptoms of lower and upper tract UTIs
- assess perineum
vs
assess blood work for signs of infections
assess cognitive function in elderly
costovertebral tenderness
urinary retention causes
bladder outlet obstruction, deficient detruser contraction
diagnostics of urinary retention
- hx
- urinary patterns
- urinary log
- residuals
- bladder scanner
treatment of urinary incontinence
- pelvic muscle training
- bladder training
- electrical stimulation
- meds
surgical therapy of urinary incontinence
bladder suspension, sling insertion, taping
tx for urinary retention
scheduled toileting, catheterization, meds, sx
teaching for urinary retention
drinking coffee/tea, self catheterization, double urination, drinking smaller amounts of fluids at regular intervals
whats urinary tract calculi known as
kidney stones
kidney stones more common in men or women
men
what season are kidney stones more common in
summer
types of kidney stones
- calcium phosphate
- calcium oxalate
- uric acid
- cystine
- struvite
stones great than __ mm will likely not pass thru ureters
4
possible causes of kidney stones
concentrated urine
urinary stasis
urinary infection
cm of kidney stones
- obstructed urine flow
- hematuria
- N&V
- UTI
- fever, chills
- cool, moist skin
- renal colic
- severe abdominal and back pain
diagnostics for kidney stones
- urinalysis
- urine for C&S
- IVP
- Ultrasound
- cystoscopy
- blood work
- urine ph
what do you treat first in those with kidney stones
- treat symptoms of acute attack
(pain, infection, and obstruction) - if less than 4mm will usually pass spontaneously
what do you treat second in those with kidney stones
- evaluate causes and prevent further development (fam hx, geographic residence, nutritional assessment, activity level, health hx, dehydration)
treatments for kidney stones
- fluids
- treat infections
- lithotripsy
- nephrolithotomy
- nutritional therapy
- cystoscopy
uteroscope
benign prostate hyperplasia
- enlarged prostate
- compressed urethra
cause of BPH
unknown
signs of BPH
positive fam hx
diet
ge
obesity
meds for bph
reductase inhibitors
adrenergic receptor blockers
herbals
invasive procedure of bph
TURP
transurethal resection of the prostate
minimally invasive procedures for bph
- transurethral microwave thermotherapy
- transurethral needle ablation
- laser prostatectomy
- stenting
