GSGG - Global Governance

Question 1

Define global governance

Answer 1

Multiple nations acting together to tackle matter that affect the entire world

Question 2

What is a norm and what is global governance trying to do with it?

Answer 2

• generally referred to a social norm
• something that is generally accepted and therefore considered the norm
• global governance is working to develop social norms that tackle issues such as poverty and unfair treatment

Question 3

Give an example of a global norm and how it is beneficial in global governance

Answer 3

• gender equality
• Saudi Arabia doesn’t acknowledge this social norm
• cannot do anything about the norms within a country
• global norms have had a large influence on how countries choose to govern themselves
• Saudi Arabia lifted the ban on women driving in 2018

Question 4

Why might a law be more effective than a norm?

Answer 4

It is legally binding

Question 5

Why may laws not be effective (give an example)?

Answer 5

If a country has to follow a law that they don’t agree with, they may deter from global governance
- example is the UK leaving the EU because they don’t want to comply with all of their regulations

Question 6

What are global institutions and what are their aims?

Answer 6

• usually intergovernmental institutions that govern global laws and regulations (e.g WTO, WHO)

Question 7

Name 2 positives of global institutions

Answer 7

• they help to maintain and develop social equality (the international criminal court can prosecute those how have comitted a crime)
• aim for economic equality and promote economic growth (WTO sets laws and regulations on trade)

Question 8

Give 2 negatives of global institutions

Answer 8

• the international laws and regulations are voluntary, so although they would be effective, they are not mandatory to follow (the UN can veto propositions)
• the IMF and World Bank give conditional loans, which can leave the recipient countries to be exposed to exploitation

Question 9

What is a global common?

Answer 9

An area that does not belong to a single country, but belongs to everyone

Question 10

What are the 4 global commons?

Answer 10

• the high seas
• outer space
• Antarctica
• the atmosphere

Question 11

Why are the global commons beneficial to humanity?

Answer 11

• provide untouched environments for flora and fauna to develop and increase biodiversity
• this land can also be used for research to help humans gather information on what a world without their impacts would look like

Question 12

Explain the tragedy of the commons

Answer 12

• countries are selfish and what to exploit resources or an area for their benefit
• since all countries want selfish amounts, the resources become depleted and cannot be replenished, leading to the tragedy of the comons

Question 13

Give 3 ways that the global commons are being protected

Answer 13

• international regulations - creating treaties such as the moon treaty, which prohibits countries from researching on or changing the environment of the moon
• global institutions - try to directly manage issues and try to solve them sustainably
• NGO’s - campaign to protect the commons

Question 14

Why is it hard to protect the global commons?

Answer 14

• the size and isolated nature of these commons make them hard to govern effectively
• unregulated and illegal activities constantly take place in the global commons