G.S. 5/7/24 Flashcards
Who were the two nations counted as superpowers
The U.S. and the Soviet Union
definition of a superpower
they were nations stronger than other powerful
nations
The United States led ____ in Western Europe
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
The Soviet Union led the _____ in Eastern Europe
Warsaw Pact
what is “mutually assured destructively “
each side knew that the other side would be
destroyed if it launched its weapons
The cold war between two superpowers
between the U.S. and the Soviet Union where both sides were threatened with nuclear war. This caused extreme tension between both sides, neither of which didn’t dare to launch an attack or do anything that could lead to devastation.
anti-ballistic missiles (ABM)
missiles that could shoot down other missiles from hostile countries
to reduce the threat of nuclear war, both superpowers began the…
..Strategic Arms Limitation Talks to limit the number of nuclear weapons held by each side
detente
relaxation of tensions
Other nations such as China, Britain, and France developed their nuclear bombs but to keep the arms race from going any further they signed the…
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
In 1955, the United States and its allies formed another alliance, which included the United States, Britain, France, Australia, Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand, and the Philippines, called
SEATO (Southeast-Asia Treaty Organization)
The Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) comprised Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan
The Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) comprised Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan
The Soviet Union and its allies were often known as the
Soviet bloc
Who was Fidel Castro
A politician who organized an armed rebellion against the corrupt dictator who ruled Cuba which was won so he set about transforming the country
What Revolution was made by Fidel Castro
Cuban Revolution
Soviet Union aided Cuba by sending them missiles which angered the U.S. and demanded them to remove having the whole situation threatening of war but which person stopped it?
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev
America’s basic policy toward communist countries was known as
containment (This was a strategy of containing communism or keeping it within its
existing boundaries and preventing further expansion)
Command Economy vs Free Market Economy
The command economy was under the Soviet Union, where government bureaus made most economic decisions and the government owned most property.
The free market economy was in the United States, where property is privately owned, prices are based on supply and demand, and producers and consumers make economic decisions.
system that oversees the finances of the world’s nations
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
periods where economies shrink
Recessions
The movement to communities outside an urban core
suburbanization
President Truman’s successor, Dwight Eisenhower, approved…
government funding to build a highway system
forced separation was called
segregation
unequal treatment or barriers were called
discrimination
The U.S. Supreme Court made a case ruling which declared that segregated schools were unconstitutional: what was it called
Brown vs. Board of Education
The Soviet Union occupied eastern Germany (command economy —> led to failure)
The U.S., Britain, and France occupied western Germany (successful economy)
causing what to be built?
Berlin Wall
many people from Soviet-occupied eastern Germany wanted to go to the U.S.-occupied western Germany but were shot if they tried to cross the Berlin Wall. Eventually, the eastern part of Germany’s economy was so bad that they…
were forced to open the wall to the U.S. western Germany causing their reunification in 1990.
a country with a market economy but with increased government responsibility for the social and economic needs of its people.
welfare state
What is GDP
Gross.Domestic.Product is the total value of all goods and services produced in a nation within a particular year.
why is GDP an accurate measure for assessing economic development
it gives information about the size of the economy and how an economy is performing.
The line of latitude that separates North and South Korea is called
38th parallel
Who was the dictator of North Korea during the Korean war?
Kim Il(il) Sung
An area with no military forces near the 38th parallel is called a
demilitarized zone
What type of economy did North Korea have?
command
Small groups of loosely organized soldiers making surprise raids are called
guerillas
What Vietnamese leader tried to unite Vietnam under communist rule?
Ho Chi Minh
What side did America support in the Vietnam War?
South Vietnam
The view that a communist victory in South Vietnam would cause noncommunist governments across Southeast Asia to fall to communism was called
domino theory
In 1968, when guerilla forces came out of the jungle and attacked American and South Vietnamese forces in cities all across the south during the Vietnamese New Year, this was known as the
Tet offensive
The agreement established by President Nixon and North Vietnam in January 1973 to establish a halt in fighting and essentially withdraw America from the war was called the
Paris Peace Accord
Who won the Vietnam war?
north vietnam
Why did the command economy of the Soviet Union start to stagnate?
inefficiency and underproduction
A conflict between the Soviet Union, and what country provoked a crisis in morale for the Soviets at home, similar to what Vietnamese involvement did to America
Afghanistan
What energetic new leader emerged in the Soviet Union in 1985?
Mikhail Gorbachev
What year did the Soviet Union finally crumble?
1991
