Grundlagen der Zellbiologie Flashcards

1
Q

Einzeller

A

Bakterien

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2
Q

Vielzeller

A

Tiere, Pflanzen

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3
Q

Unterschied Prokaryoten vs. Eukaryoten

A

Prokaryoten: Ohne Zellkern (z. B. Bakterien).
Eukaryoten: Mit Zellkern, komplexer Aufbau (z. B. Pflanzen, Tiere, Pilze).

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4
Q

Unterschiede

A

Tierzellen:

Lysosomen: Zersetzen Polymere in ihre Bausteine.

Pflanzenzellen:

Vakuole: Speichert Stoffe, reguliert Zelldruck.
Chloroplasten: Ort der Photosynthese.
Zellwand: Stabilität und Schutz.

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5
Q

Zellkern

A

Trägt DNA, steuert Zellprozesse.

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6
Q

Mitochondrien

A

Kraftwerke der Zelle, produzieren ATP.

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7
Q

Ribosomen

A

Ort der Proteinbiosynthese (PBS).

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8
Q

Endoplasmatisches Retikulum (ER)

A

Glatt: Lipidsynthese und Entgiftung.
Rau: Proteinsynthese.

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9
Q

Zellmembran

A

Kontrolliert, Stoffaustausch, semi-permeable.

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10
Q

Lysosomen

A

Zersetzen Polymere in ihre Bausteine.

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11
Q

Vakuole

A

Speichert Stoffe, reguliert Zelldruck.

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12
Q

Chloroplasten

A

Ort der Photosynthese.

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13
Q

Zellwand

A

Stabilität und Schutz.

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14
Q

Golgi-Apparat

A

Modifikation, Verpackung und Transport von Proteinen.

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