Growth problem presentations and DDX

Question 1

What are the common causes of obesity? (2)

Answer 1

1. Excess calories

2. Inadequate exercise

Question 2

What are the less common causes of obesity? (3)

Answer 2

1. Cushing’s
2. Steroid chronicity
3. Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 3

What are the common causes of Faltering growth? (4)

Answer 3

1. Caloric insufficiency
2. Child neglect abuse
3. DM
4. Constitutional delay

Question 4

What are the less common causes of Faltering growth? (8)

Answer 4

1. Chronic illness (cyanotic CHD, coeliac, cystic fibrosis (CF), rickets
2. Chromosomal illness (Down/Turner/Trisomy 13, 18)
3. Immunodeficiency
4. Hypothyroidism
5. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)
6. Anorexia nervosa

Question 5

What are the common causes of abnormal puberty? (2)

Answer 5

1. Constitutional delay

2. Premature thelarche/adrenarche/menarche

Question 6

What are the less common causes of abnormal puberty? (6)

Answer 6

1. Turner’s, Cushing’s
2. Anorexia nervosa
3. CNS tumours
4. Sex steroid secreting tumours
5. Primary hypothyroidism
6. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 7

What are the common causes of Short stature? (6)

Answer 7

1. Constitutional delay
2. Familial
3. Chronic disease – CF, 4. CHD, coeliac, sickle cell disease, thalassaemia
4. IBD, hypothyroidism
5. Down, malnutrition

Question 8

What are the less common causes of Short stature? (5)

Answer 8

1. Renal tubular acidosis
2. Glucocorticoid excess
3. GH deficiency
4. CNS disease – tumours
5. Turner/ Noonan /Prader-Willi