Growth Of Parliamentary Democracy (booklet 3) Flashcards
Give an example of the progressive middle class pushing for reforms in unions and what were their goals? what was their approach?
1864 national reform union wanted equal distribution, the secret ballot and to extend the franchise to all male rate payers. They gave assertive but respectable demonstrations.
Give an example of an external pressure league on parliament for reform in 1860s
1865 reform league wanted universal manhood suffrage and the secret ballot. Widespread support from ex chartists and trade unionists.
How did the chartists create pressure for reform (violent and non-violent)? why? inspired?
Upset about 1832 great reform act. Failed petitions in 1839,42,48 (last with 3 million fake signatures). Use of violence: Newport uprising 1839, plug riots 1842. INSPIRED NEW MODEL UNIONS IN 1851.
How far did the electorate rise after the great reform act 1832?
From 366,000 to 650,000 (18% of males). Still exclusion.
Problems with legacy of 1832 reform act, and how much income did you need to become an MP?
Narrow electorate, had to have income £600 to become MP, no secret ballot.
How was the electorate corrupt after the 1832 reform act?
73 boroughs had less than 500 electorates. 31 had less than 300. Easy for MPs to buy seats.
What was the Lancashire population and number of MPs?
1.3 million, 14 MPs
What brought reform to the forefront of politics?
Lord Palmerston’s death in 1865, leaving Russel and Gladstone in power.
What did the first liberal bill include, when and why did it fail.
1831 Qualification of borough reduced to £7 per year. MPs worried about uneducated voters.
How did Disraeli help reform?
Tory MP passed the 1867 Reform Act so 2.46 million people could vote.
What 3 chartist demands were too radical and would threatened elite power and give say to uneducated working class?
Enfranchise all men over 21, equal constituencies, removal of MP property qualifications.
When were the rejected chartist petitions and how many signed?
1839 (1.2 mill), 1842 (3.3 mill), 1848 (5.7 mill, only 2 mill real).
Why did the chartists use of petition cause their failure?
No solid results, large amount of fake signatures causing distrust.
Why did chartist violence cause failure?
Newport uprising 1839 20 chartists killed. LOCAL. Plug riots 1842 peel arrested 1000 chartists. Mainly motivated by harvests and wage rather than political demands. DIVIDED ‘MORAL FORCE’ VS ‘PHYSICAL FORCE’ CHARTISTS
Who was involved in the reform league which put pressure on parliament?
United Support from trade unions + trade councils, middle class reformers and some MPs.