Abolition Of The Slave Trade (booklet 1) Flashcards
What facts show that the slave uprisings were of equal importance to European abolitionists? and what was the gov reaction?
Slave uprisings in Haiti, 1791, led to slave revolts across British West Indies. Slave revolts like Jamaican uprising led by Maroons, 1795, put pressure on British military. Britain fear of revolution (French Revolution 1789) thought would affect working class.
What facts show that European abolitionist were more important than slave uprisings?
1791 Haiti Revolution led to conservative backlash against abolition. Clarkson/Wilberforce won over government figures like William Pitt. Clarkson travelled 35,000 miles 1787-94, showing images of slave ship Brooke’s, could fit 300k slaves. Clarkson set up Society for Affecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade with quakers 1787. Wilberforce proposed first bill for abolition 1791.
Facts for nonconformist Christian’s causing the slave trade abolition.
Quaker movements/speeches like 1784 10,000 anti slavery pamphlets given out. Evangelical Christian’s (like Wilberforce proposed 1st abolition bill) believe that sins had to be fought. Quaker’s/ Clarkson’s society for affecting the abolition of the slave trade 1787, nonconformists joined together.
How were humanitarians more important than nonconformist Christians?
Humanitarian campaigner Granville sharp helped Clarkson. 1783 Zong case, 133 slaves thrown overboard. 300,000 boycotted West Indian Sugar 1791.
What shows that middle class humanitarians helped abolition?
American war of independence end 1783, shaped democratic ideals and encourage reforms. Middle class economic growth (influence parliament), Britain more literate (popularise ideals). 20% people in Manchester signed petition 1787. Thomas Clarkson.
What shows that slave uprisings, ex slaves and economics helped abolition?
Economic argument- 20-50% slave voyage return. Grenada, St. Lucia, Jamaican uprising (led by maroons) 1795. Fear of Revolution (French revolutions 1789). Olaudah Equianos books 1775/89. By 1792 519 petitions signed. 1791 300,000 boycott West Indian Sugar.
What made rebellions and popular opinion costly?
Containing British rebellions ( like Virgin Islands) was costly.
How was the slave rebellions not useful to abolition?
Haitian rebellion 1791-1804 immediate gov reaction was intransigent. Slave colonies provided wealth with commodities like sugar and rum. Slave trade ended 1807 with no threat of slave rebellion. Wilberforce never alluded to slave rebellion as abolition reason.
Haiti
Haitian rebellion 1791-1804 made further revolts across British West Indies inevitable. BUT led to conservative backlash against cause and immediate gov reaction was intransigent.
William wilberforce.
Parliamentary campaigner shared importance of religion/morality/education outside parliament. Worked to allay fears of Planters (work to compensate slave owners when human capital liberated). Worked with Whigs after Pitt’s death. Proposed 1st abolition bill 1791.
What other than wilberforce helped abolition ?
Economic value opinion changing (spread of Adam Smiths free trade doctrine) and revolts on 1/10 slave ships threatened profits. Abolitionists outside parliament like Clarkson and Sharp.
