Growth of middle-class consumption Flashcards
What are 3 key resources affected by the growth of middle-class consumption?
Rare earths
Water supply
Food supply
Why is there an increasing demand for rare earths?
Production of lithium batteries
How much was the rare earth market worth in 2019?
$13 billion
What is the collective worth of rare earth companies?
$5 trillion
How many tonnes of toxic waste are produced per tonne of rare earth metals?
2000 tonnes per tonne of rare earth metals
What % of the global rare earth metals does China produce?
85%
What was the Indian Green Revolution?
A period in the 1960s whereby India’s agricultural industry was modernised
What were environmental impacts of the Indian Green Revolution?
Soil degradation
Eutrophication from fertilisers
By how much has rice consumption increased in Sub-Saharan Africa?
50%
In India, by how many times faster is groundwater being used than it can be replenished and why?
Groundwater is being used 3x faster than it can be replenished due to solar-powered pumps
How will melting glaciers affect river discharge in the long term?
It will decrease river discharge
What fraction of USA’s fruits and nuts are produced in California?
2/3
What do farmers in California rely on for irrigation?
Groundwater
