Growth In Animals

Question 1

What are 3 advantages of being multicellular?

Answer 1

1. Cells can be differentiated —> more efficient
2. Organisms can be more complex + protect cells more easily
3. Inmate redundancy capacity (cells can die enmass and it will still survive)

Question 2

Why does the number of cells increase?

Answer 2

Due to cell division by mitosis, as a result of growth

Question 3

What is growth?

Answer 3

An increase in size as a result of an increase in the number of cells

Question 4

What is the growth of young babies measured in?

Answer 4

Length
Mass
Head circumference

Question 5

What is the ‘right rate’ for growth in babies shown by growth charts?

Answer 5

Percentile curves

Question 6

What is differentiation?

Answer 6

The process by which a cell becomes specialised
(Cell division by mitosis results in identical cells to the parent cells, but new cells then change in different ways to become specialised for a particular function)

Question 7

What effects how much mass of babies increase?

Answer 7

Babies adapting to changing foods and activity

Question 8

What is specialised in a fat cell?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm is filled with large fat drops which stores energy until until the body needs it

Question 9

How are red blood cells specialised?

Answer 9

1. No nucleus- more space for haemoglobin which carries oxygen around the body
2. Biconcave disc - A larger surface area which allows oxygen to diffuse quicker

Question 10

How are muscle cells specialised?

Answer 10

Contain contractile proteins that can shorten the cell to allow muscles to contract

Question 11

What is specialised about muscle cells?

Answer 11

Long fibres carry electrical impulses around the body and make more connections to many other neurones.

Question 12

What percentage of babies have a mass below the 25th percentile curve?

Answer 12

25%