Growth & Development Flashcards
What is the main factor influencing factor in the infantile phase of growth?
Nutrition
A weight plotted on what centile corresponds to a child being obese?
98th
What are the main factors influencing the size of a baby at birth, and growth in the first month thereafter?
Maternal nutrition and intra-uterine environment
An infant usually doubles its birthweight by when?
5-6 months
What happens to a baby’s weight in the first week of life?
Loss of 5-10% of birthweight
What is the definition of growth faltering (failure to thrive)?
A sustained drop down two centiles on a growth chart
What is the first sign of puberty to occur in boys?
Testicular volume > 4mls (G2 Tanner stage)
A weight plotted on what centile corresponds to a child being overweight?
91st
Persistence of the tonic neck reflex is a frequent finding in infants with what condition?
Cerebral palsy
What pattern on a growth chart is suggestive of normal growth?
Approximately following a centile line
What hormone also plays a role in the infantile phase of growth?
Thyroid hormones
Short stature is defined as a height value below what centile?
2.5th
At what age range is the pubertal growth spurt most likely to occur in boys?
13-15 years
Between the ages of 1 and 5 years, how much weight does a child gain in a year?
2kg
What are the main influencing factors in the pubertal phase of growth?
Sex hormones and growth hormone
Precocious puberty is defined as puberty before what age in boys?
9 years
Tall stature is defined as a height value above what centile?
98th
What are the main influencing factors in the childhood phase of growth?
Growth hormone and thyroid hormones
What does dropping centiles on a growth chart suggest?
Static growth
Pubertal delay is defined as the absence of breast development in a girl by what age?
13 years
Pubertal delay is defined as the absence of an increase in testicular volume in a boy by what age?
14 years
At roughly what age should the primitive reflexes disappear?
4-5 months
What advice is given to most children who are obese, regarding their weight?
Not to lose weight, just to stay the same
What is the first sign of puberty to occur in girls?
Development of the breast bud (B2 Tanner stage)
For how long are developmental milestones assessed at the child’s ‘corrected gestational age’ for preterm babies?
2 years
When does menarche usually occur, in comparison to the onset of puberty in girls?
2-3 years later
When should a child’s length be measured instead of height?
Under 2 years of age
At what age range is the pubertal growth spurt most likely to occur in girls?
11-13 years
On a growth chart, gestational age should be corrected for until what age?
2 years
Precocious puberty is defined as puberty before what age in girls?
8 years
