Growth and puberty Flashcards
what is the mean age of onset of female puberty
8-12 years
what are the early signs of female puberty
breast development –> development of pubic hair
what is the mean age of male puberty
10-12 years
what is the first sign of male puberty
enlargement of the testicle size to >4ml in volume
how can you measure bone age
Xray of the hand and risk
what are LH and FSH like in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
LH and FSH
give the main genetic condition associated with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
Kallman syndrome
give some acquired causes of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
intracranial tumours cranial irradiation anorexia nervosa TBI excessive exercise IBD
what is another name for hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism
primary gonadal failure
give some of the main genetic conditions associated with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism
turners
kleinefelters
describe LH and FSH levels in hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism
high
give some causes of precocious puberty
idiopathic
intracranial tumours
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
other tumours: hCG secreting tumours, adrenal tumour
how can you treat precocious puberty
long-acting GnRH analogue
where is growth hormone secreted from and in what pattern
anterior pituitary
describe the clinical features of androgen insensitivity
females with 46XY genotype
external genitalia are female
testes may be in the abdomen, inguinal canal or labia
pubic hair absent/sparse
primary amenorrhoea
