Growth and Developmental Theories Flashcards
Review the psychological stages of development.
Define:
Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
They are stages that a client goes through in order to be emotionally stable.
If the client does not go through the stage, there can be life-long emotional problems.
At what age does a client go through the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
Infancy to 18 months old.
At what age does the client go through the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?
Early childhood: 18 months - 3 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?
Late childhood: 3 - 6 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?
School age: 6 - 12 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Identity vs. Role confusion stage?
Adolescence: 12 - 20 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?
Early adulthood: 20 - 35 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage?
Middle adulthood: 35 - 65 years old.
At what age does a client go through the Integrity vs. Despair stage?
Later adulthood: 65 years - death.
What actions help an infant get through the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
- Hold and comfort baby
- Feed when needed
- Change diapers as needed
If these actions are not taken, the infant may not go through the stage successfully.
What actions help a toddler get through the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?
- Allow self-feeding
- Encourage putting on and off of clothes
- Give simple choices
If these actions are not taken, the toddler may not go through the stage successfully.
What actions help a preschool-aged child get through the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?
- Give medical equipment to play with
- Dolls and puppets for pretend
- Accept their choices
- Let them express feelings
If these actions are not taken, the preschool-aged child may not go through the stage successfully.
What actions help a school-aged child get through the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?
- Let child do schoolwork while in hospital
- Encourage their hobbies
- Explain the procedure a few days beforehand
If these actions are not taken, the school-aged child may not go through the stage successfully.
What actions help an adolescent get through the Identity vs. Role confusion stage?
- Perform physical exam without parents there (adolescent gets embarrassed easily). Have another adult in the room for safety reasons
- Encourage friends and peers to visit while in hospital
If these actions are not taken, the adolescent may not go through the stage successfully.
What actions help a young adult get through the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?
- Encourage partner support
- May need social services or rehab before going back to work
If these actions are not taken, the young adult may not go through the stage successfully.
