Growth and development of plants Flashcards
How long does it take for annual plants to go through their whole life cycle?
A single year
What do the seeds do?
Germinate and grow into seedlings and then into mature plants
What do the mature plants do?
Flower, produce seeds after pollination and fruits to spread the seeds
What do they do after all this?
They die, completing the life cycle
Describe germination
The seeds break open and the seed begins to grow
What are the conditions for germination?
Water, suitable temperature, oxygen
Describe growth
Seedling gets bigger, begins to photosynthesise and turns into a mature plant
Describe flowering
The plant produces flowers
Why do we need flowers?
For sexual reproduction as it has gametes
Describe pollination
Insects are attracted to the flowers and transfer pollen from the stamen of one flower to the stigma of another
Describe fertilisation
Pollen tube grows down to the ovary and fertilises the ovule
Describe seed formation
The fertilised ovule turns into a seed
Describe fruit formation
The ovary wall turns into a fruit, eg. Berry or dandelion clock
Describe seed dispersal
The seeds are spread by animals or by the wind, away from the parent plant
Describe dormancy
The seed remains dormant (asleep) in the soil until conditions for germination are right
