Growth and Development of Hong Kong up to the early 20th century

Question 1

True or False

Under the Treaty of Nanjing, Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False

Robinson was the first governor of Hong Kong.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True or False

According to the Convention of Beijing, the whole Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

True or False

Under the Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory, the ‘New Territories’ were ceded to Britain in 1898.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or False

The Hong Kong government was formed according to the rules set by the Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False

The governor of Hong Kong was appointed by the King (or Queen) of England.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or False

The Legislative Council and the Executive Council were set up to help the governor make policies and laws.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or False

The Sanitary Board was set up to deal with district affairs of Hong Kong Island and Kowloon.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False

The Heung Yee Kuk was responsible for the local affairs of the urban areas.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or False

The Heung Yee Kuk was responsible for the local affairs of the urban areas.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

True or False

In the mid-19th century, the social status of the Chinese people in Hong Kong was very low.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

True or False

Ng Choy was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive Council.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

True or False

Hong Kong’s population decreased rapidly after the outbreak of the Taiping Rebellion in China.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

True or False

Public hospitals were built in Hong Kong from 1848 onwards.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False

Piracy was serious when the British took over Hong Kong.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

True or False

From the 1840s to the 1890s, a curfew was imposed in Hong Kong, prohibiting all people from going out at night.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

True or False

The early policemen were called ‘Big Head Green Coat’.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False

During the early days of British rule, all government schools were set up by the government.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

True or False

Most young people in Hong Kong could receive education in the early 20th century.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

True or False

In 1878, Governor Hennessy ordered that Chinese should be taught in all government schools.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

True or False

The University of Hong Kong, the first university in Hong Kong, was founded in the late 19th century.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

True or False

Entrepot trade was an important economic activity of Hong Kong in the second half of the 19th century.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

True or False

In the 19th century, opium from India was shipped to China via Hong Kong. ( )

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False

The early business centre in Hong Kong was on the southern part of Hong Kong Island.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

True or False

Before the mid-19th century, there was only one shipping company from Britain that provided services to Hong Kong.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

True or False

The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation was set up in 1865.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False

Ferries and the Peak Tram had come into service in Hong Kong by the late 19th century.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or False

The first reclamation in Hong Kong was carried out in Wan Chai.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

True or False

All streets in Hong Kong were named after historical events or figures.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True or False

Nathan Road was named after a governor of Hong Kong.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

True or False

Religious organisations contributed much to the social welfare development of Hong Kong in the early days of British rule.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or False

The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals refers to the Tung Wah Hospital, the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital and the Kwong Wah Hospital.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Matching: Match the following columns together.

The Treaty of Nanjing ‧ ‧ Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
The Convention of Beijing ‧ ‧ The Hong Kong government was formed based on these documents.
The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory ‧ ‧ The southern part of Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain.
The Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions ‧ ‧ The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain for 99 years.

Answer 33

The Treaty of Nanjing - Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.

The Convention of Beijing - The southern part of Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain.

The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory - The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain for 99 years.

The Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions - The Hong Kong government was formed based on these documents.

Question 34

Matching: Match the following columns together.

Pottinger ‧ ‧ He ordered that English should be taught in all government schools.
Queen Victoria ‧ ‧ She was the Crown of England.
Chow Shouson ‧ ‧ He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council.
Hennessy ‧ ‧ He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive Council.
Ng Choy ‧ ‧ He was the first governor of Hong Kong.

Answer 34

Pottinger - He was the first governor of Hong Kong.

Queen Victoria - She was the Crown of England.

Chow Shouson - He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive Council.

Hennessy - He ordered that English should be taught in all government schools.

Ng Choy - He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council.

Question 35

Matching: Match the following columns together.

Executive Council ‧ ‧ It advised the government on affairs related to the New Territories.
Legislative Council ‧ ‧ It gave shelter to the abused women and children.
Sanitary Board ‧ ‧ It kept the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
Heung Yee Kuk ‧ ‧ It made laws as well as examined and adopted taxes.
Po Leung Kuk ‧ ‧ It advised the governor on making policies and carrying out laws.

Answer 35

Executive Council - It advised the governor on making policies and carrying out laws.

Legislative Council - It made laws as well as examined and adopted taxes.

Sanitary Board - It kept the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.

Heung Yee Kuk - It advised the government on affairs related to the New Territories.

Po Leung Kuk - It gave shelter to the abused women and children.

Question 36

Matching: Match the following columns together.

Government Central School ‧ ‧ It is the former French Mission Building.
Central School for Girls ‧ ‧ It was converted to the Museum of Tea Ware in 1984.
Court of Final Appeal ‧ ‧ It was the first government school for girls.
Old Supreme Court ‧ ‧ It is the Legislative Council Building today.
Flagstaff House ‧ ‧ It is now known as the Queen’s College.

Answer 36

Government Central School - It is now known as the Queen’s College.

Central School for Girls - It was the first government school for girls.

Court of Final Appeal - It is the former French Mission Building.

Old Supreme Court - It is the Legislative Council Building today.

Flagstaff House - It was converted to the Museum of Tea Ware in 1984.

Question 37

Matching: Match the following columns together.

1842 ‧ ‧ The Convention of Beijing was signed.
1860 ‧ ‧ The Tung Wah Hospital was set up.
1872 ‧ ‧ The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain.
1898 ‧ ‧ China took back sovereignty over Hong Kong.
1997 ‧ ‧ Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.

Answer 37

1842 - Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.

1860 - The Convention of Beijing was signed.

1872 - The Tung Wah Hospital was set up.

1898 - The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain.

1997 - China took back sovereignty over Hong Kong.

Question 38

Under which of the following treaties did Hong Kong come under British rule?
(1) The Treaty of Nanjing
(2) The Boxer Protocol
(3) The Convention of Beijing
(4) The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory
A. (1), (2), (4) B. (1), (3), (4)
C. (2), (3), (4) D. (1), (2), (3), (4)

Answer 38

B

Question 39

Who was the first governor of Hong Kong?
A. Pottinger B. Robinson
C. Hennessy D. Nathan

Answer 39

A

Question 40

Which of the following statements about Hong Kong coming under British rule was incorrect?
A. Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanjing.
B. The whole Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain under the Convention of Beijing.
C. 235 islands were leased to Britain as part of the ‘New Territories’.
D. The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain for 99 years.

Answer 40

B

Question 41

Who was/were the head of British administration in Hong Kong?
A.	The Crown of England
B.	The governor
C.	Members of the Legislative Council
D.	Members of the Executive Council

Answer 41

B

Question 42

Which of the following was not established for helping the government take care of district affairs?
A. The Sanitary Board B. The Heung Yee Kuk
C. The Urban Council D. The Legislative Council

Answer 42

D

Question 43

Which of the following descriptions about the Executive Council was incorrect?
A. It had no non-government officials when it was first set up in 1843.
B. It advised the governor on making policies.
C. It was responsible for the administration of Hong Kong.
D. It had three government officials in 1843.

Answer 43

C

Question 44

Which of the following descriptions about the Legislative Council was incorrect?
A. It had no non-government officials when it was first set up in 1843.
B. It was responsible for taking care of district affairs.
C. Its decisions had to be approved by the governor.
D. It had three government officials in 1843.

Answer 44

B

Question 45

Which of the following descriptions about the Sanitary Board was incorrect?
A. It was formed by the leaders of the New Territories.
B. It was set up to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
C. It was renamed the Urban Council in 1935.
D. It had been set up by the end of the 19th century.

Answer 45

A

Question 46

Which of the following statements could reflect the low social status of the Chinese people in Hong Kong in the early 20th century?
(1) All important positions in the government were held by foreigners.
(2) All the government officials in the Executive and Legislative Councils were foreigners.
(3) Chinese people were not allowed to live in the Peak.
(4) Chinese people could only become the Legislative Councillors.
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (1), (3), (4) D. (2), (3), (4)

Answer 46

A

Question 47

Why were a few Chinese allowed to take part in politics in the late 19th century?
(1) People demanded democracy.
(2) Some Chinese people were well educated.
(3) The government wanted to gain support of the Chinese people.
(4) Some Chinese merchants became very rich.
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (1), (3), (4) D. (2), (3), (4)

Answer 47

D

Question 48

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council, while \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive Council.
(1)	Robert Hotung
(2)	Ng Choy
(3)	Chow Shouson
(4)	Lo Man Kam
A.	(1), (4)	B.	(2), (3)
C.	(1), (3)	D.	(3), (4)

Answer 48

B

Question 49

Which of the following governors ordered that English should be taught in all government schools?
A. Governor Pottinger B. Governor Lugard
C. Governor Hennessy D. Governor Clementi

Answer 49

C

Question 50

Which of the following educational policies were carried out in Hong Kong from 1842 to the early 20th century?
(1)	Setting up of government schools
(2)	Implementation of free education
(3)	Implementation of English learning
(4)	Founding of the first university
A.	(1), (2), (3)	B.	(1), (2), (4)
C.	(1), (3), (4)	D.	(2), (3), (4)

Answer 50

C

Question 51

Which of the following statements about the economic development of Hong Kong up to the early 20th century was incorrect?
A. Hong Kong had become an important entrepot in Asia by the late 19th century.
B. Opium from India was imported into China via Hong Kong.
C. Chinese tea and silk were mainly exported to Southeast Asia via Hong Kong.
D. Local industries in Hong Kong were small in scale.

Answer 51

C

Question 52

The earliest industries in Hong Kong were associated with ____________.
A. shipping B. farming
C. tourism D. information technology

Answer 52

A

Question 53

In the mid-19th century, the most common means of transport in Hong Kong were \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
(1)	sedan chairs
(2)	trams
(3)	rickshaws
(4)	trains
A.	(1), (2)	B.	(1), (3)
C.	(2), (4)	D.	(3), (4)

Answer 53

B

Question 54

The first reclamation in Hong Kong was carried out in ____________.
A. Causeway Bay B. Wan Chai
C. Central D. Sheung Wan

Answer 54

D

Question 55

Which of the following was not a reason for Hong Kong to develop into an entrepot?
A. Developments of the shipping and banking industries promoted the growth of entrepot trade.
B. The free port policy of Hong Kong led to the growth in entrepot trade.
C. Victoria Harbour is a good natural harbour.
D. Hong Kong had been an important commercial city of China for hundreds of years.

Answer 55

D

Question 56

Which of the following is not a declared monument in Hong Kong?
A. Old Wan Chai Post Office
B. The University of Hong Kong
C. Former Kowloon-Canton Railway Terminus Clock Tower
D. The Government House

Answer 56

B

Question 57

Which of the following streets/roads was not named after a governor of Hong Kong?
A. Pottinger Street B. Hennessy Road
C. Po Shan Road D. Nathan Road

Answer 57

C

Question 58

Which organisation was set up in the second half of the 19th century to give shelter to abused women and children in Hong Kong?
A.	Kwong Wah Hospital
B.	Po Leung Kuk
C.	Tung Wah Hospital
D.	Caritas Community Centre

Answer 58

B

Question 59

Hong Kong came under British rule in three stages: (1) The Treaty of Nanjing was signed in 1842, and _____________ was ceded to Britain. (2) Under the _____________, the southern part of _____________ and Stonecutters Island were also ceded to Britain. (3) In 1898, the Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong territory was signed, under which the _____________ were leased to Britain for 99 years.

Answer 59

Hong Kong Island; Convention of Beijing; Kowloon Peninsula; New Territories

Question 60

The colonial government of Hong Kong was formed according to the rules set by the _____________ and the _____________. The head of the British administration in Hong Kong was the _____________, who was appointed by the _____________.

Answer 60

Letters Patent; Royal Instructions; governor; King (or Queen) of England

Question 61

The _____________ Council was set up to advise the _____________ on policy making, while the _____________ Council was responsible for making laws. In 1843, both of the two councils had only three _____________ officials.

Answer 61

Executive; governor; Legislative; government

Question 62

The _____________ was set up in 1883 to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong clean. It was reorganised and renamed the _____________ in 1935. The _____________ was set up by the leaders of the New Territories to advise the governor on affairs related to the New Territories.

Answer 62

Sanitary Board; Urban Council; Heung Yee Kuk

Question 63

In the mid-19th century, the hygienic conditions in Hong Kong were very poor and epidemics were common. Although the government had built _____________ from 1848 onwards and established the _____________ in 1883, the situation did not improve much.

Answer 63

public hospitals; Sanitary Board

Question 64

The government introduced a series of measures to solve the social problems in Hong Kong. For example, a _____________ was imposed on Chinese people, who were not allowed to go out after 9 p.m. Besides, a _____________ was formed in 1843 to combat crime.

Answer 64

curfew; police force

Question 65

In the mid-19th century, the policemen in Hong Kong were either _____________ or _____________. The Chinese called them ‘_____________’ because they wore green uniforms.

Answer 65

British; Indians; Luk Yee

Question 66

In the early days of British rule, most schools in Hong Kong were run by _____________. In 1860, the government set up the _____________ in order to further develop education.

Answer 66

religious bodies; Board of Education

Question 67

Soon after Hong Kong came under British rule, _____________ trade developed. Tea, silk and porcelain from China were shipped to _____________ through Hong Kong. At the same time, _____________ from India was shipped to China via Hong Kong.

Answer 67

entrepot; Europe; opium

Question 68

Hong Kong was declared a _____________ during the British occupation in 1841. Ships could sail into and out of Hong Kong freely. There was no tax on _____________. This led to the growth of entrepot trade.

Answer 68

free port; imported goods

Question 69

By the 1890s, Hong Kong had become an important _____________ in Asia. It handled about 40% of China’s foreign trade.

Answer 69

entrepot

Question 70

In the second half of the 19th century, some Chinese merchants set up the _____________ and the _____________ to help the Chinese people. The former provided the poor Chinese with _____________ and burial services, while the latter aimed at protecting _____________ and children.

Answer 70

Tung Wah Group of Hospitals; Po Leung Kuk; medical; women