Growth and Development & General Pediatric Information Flashcards
Growth is an increase in ___________ ?
Physical
Development is an increase in capability or ___________ ?
Function
**
_____________ does not always follow growth and chronological age ?
Development
_____________ age and ______________ age are two Different things ?
Chronological age and Developmental age
What is the definition of Cephalocaudal Development ?
Development that moves from the head downward through the body and towards the feet
What is the definition of Proximodistal development ?
Development that moves from the center of the body outward to the extremities
___________ is the “work” of children ?
Play
Why is play so crucial to children ?
It’s how they learn new things, socialize, and learn to use coping skills
In addition to growth and development, what else should you consider when choosing toys ?
Client’s disease
For a child with a heart defect, would you give them something to do that will get them excited and increase their HR ?
Why ?
No!
Because that would increase the workload on the heart
What do you NEVER want to do to a client with heart disease ?
NEVER want to increase the workload on the heart
When a baby is born, they have what type of reflex ?
Involuntary grasp reflex
When does the Anterior fontanel close ?
12 to 18 months
When does the Posterior fontanel close ?
2 to 3 months
Why are new foods introduced to infants one at a time ?
To help detect for possible food allergies
&
they also have an Immature GI tract
(Rule = 1 food per week)
Why are peanuts so dangerous when aspirated ?
When peanuts are wet, they will swell and crumble
(difficult to remove
What foods should be avoided for children < 4 years old ?
- Hot dogs
- Carrots
- Apples
- Grapes
- Peanut Butter
- Marshmellows
- Nuts & Seeds
- Popcorn
- Hard candy
- Chewing gum
When giving IM injections, why is the ventrogluteal muscle contraindicated in children who have not been walking for at least a year ?
B/c the ventrogluteal muscle is not developed well enough
When viewing the auditory canal in young children, how should the earlobe be positioned ?
Down and Back
“bigger they are, the higher you pull”
What is the most common reason for failed toilet training ?
They are not ready
Toliet training usually takes longer in who and why ?
Who = boys Why = d/t standing versus sitting
Should you celebrate toilet training successes ?
Yes!
How many cups of milk should a 15-month old toddler consume daily ?
2 to 3 cups
don’t want more, to prevent other deficiencies
At what age does the best friend stage occur ?
9 to 10 years
Non-imaginary
What are the leading causes of death from accidental injury in infants up to 1 year of age ?
- Suffocation
- Motor vehicle related injuries
- Drowning (can happen in bath-tub)
What is the #1 reason for emergency room visits (in infants?)
Falls
Why do not place car seats in the front passenger side of the car ?
B/c of airbags
Regarding car seat safety, where should you place infants < 20 lbs (9kg) ?
In the middle of the back seat in a rear-facing, semi-reclined car seat.
This provides the best protection for their heavy head and weak neck
In children _____ to ______ months of age, a convertible car seat for age and weight is recommended and can be positioned facing forward ?
12 to 23 months
Car seats should be used regardless of age, until when ?
Until the child weights at least 30 pounds
What should you never place under or behind an infant or child in a car seat ?
Padding (can create slack)
Booster seats can be used for children of what ages ?
4 to 8 years
< 4ft 9in & 35-80 lbs
Hyperthermia and Car Seat Safety:
Hyperthermia can occur from being left in a vehicle in hot weather, defined as what ?
> 80ºF or 26.4ºC
Hyperthermia and Car Seat Safety:
Why does Hyperthermia develop rapidly in infants ?
Because infants are not able to regulate their body temperature
Hyperthermia and Car Seat Safety:
What are reasons for individuals forgetting to get infants out of the car ?
- Busy schedules
- Distractions such as cell phones
- Other mental preoccupations
Between the ages of 6 and 12, what is the major cause of severe accidental injury ?
MVA’s
not only cars, ex: bikes, being hit, etc
What happens to the growth rate between 6 and 12 years of age ?
It decreases
A school-aged child requires on average, how many calories per day ?
2,400 calories
How much earlier do girls experience the onset of adolescence than boys ?
About 1 to 2 years
