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Paediatrics > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

What are the recognised phases of childhood?

A 
Neonate (<4w)
Infant (<12m/1y)
Toddler (~1-2y)
Pre-school (~2-5y)
School age
Teenager/ Adolescent
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2
Q

What are the key developmental fields?

A 
Gross motor skills
Fine motor skills
Social and self help 
Speech and language
Hearing and Vision
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3
Q

What are milestones?

A

The achievement of key development skills

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4
Q

What are the developmental influencing factors?

A

Genetics
Environment
Positive early childhood experience

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5
Q

What are the adverse antenatal environmental factors?

A

Infections

Toxins

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6
Q

What is the adverse postnatal environment?

A 
Infection
Toxins
Trauma
Malnutrition
Metabolic
Maltreatment
Understimulation
Domestic violence
Maternal mental health issues
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7
Q

What are the red flags in development?

A 
Loss of developmental skills
Hearing loss
parental/professional concern
Low muscle tone
No speech by 18 months
Asymmetry of movements/increased muscle tone
Persistent toe walking
Occipital fontanelle circumference >99.6th centile
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8
Q

What is the red book?

A

A record of childs health record and personal development

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9
Q

What is included in the child health programme?

A 
New born exam and blood spot screening
New born hearing screening
Health visitor first visit
6-8w review
27-30 month review
Orthoptsist vision screening aged 4-5
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10
Q

What is involved in the 6-8 week review?

A 
Identification data
Feeding
Parental concerns
Development
Measurements
Examination
Sleeping position
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11
Q

What is involved at 27-30 month review?

A

Identification data
Development
height and weight
any other issues can be addressed at the time

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12
Q

What is performed at week 1 of childs life?

A

Feeding, hearing, examination, Vitamin K immunisations, blood spot test

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13
Q

What is performed at 2 weeks ?

A

Feeding assessment
maternal mental health assessment
Jaundice
SIDS

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14
Q

What is performed at 6-8 weeks?

A

Exam, immunisations, measure, maternal mental health

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15
Q

What is assessed at 1 year?

A

Growth, health promotion

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16
Q

What is assessed at 2 years old?

A

Development and language

Any concerns are dealt with at time

17
Q

What is assessed at 5 years old?

A

Immunisations, dental check up, hearing and vision checkups

18
Q

When might immunisations be postponed?

A

If child is unwell

19
Q

What symptoms are common after immunisation?

A

Mild temperature, discomfort and swelling

20
Q

What can be checked to see if immunisations are up to date?

A

The red book

21
Q

What are the 3 key parameters in growth monitoring?

A

Weight
Length
Head circumference

22
Q

What is the average weight length and OFC for an infant at birth?

A

3.3kg
50 cm
35 cm

23
Q

What is the average weight and length for a four month old?

A

6.6 kg

60cm

24
Q

What is the average weight length and OFC for a 12 month old?

A

10kg
75cm
45cm

25
Q

What is the average weight and length for a 3 year old?

A

15kg

95cm

26
Q

What is failure to thrive?

A

Child growing too slowly in form and usually in function at the expected rate for his or her age

supply of energy and nutrients does not meet the demand the child needs

27
Q

What are the maternal causes of FTT?

A

Poor lactation
Incorrectly prepared feeds
Unusual milk or other feeds
Inadequate care

28
Q

What are the infant causes of FTT?

A 
Prematurity
Small for dates
Oropalatal abnormalities
Neuromuscular disease
Genetic disorders
29
Q

What are the non-medical causes of FTT?

A

Poverty/ socio-economic status
Dysfunctional family interactions (especially maternal depression or drug use)
Difficult parent-child interactions
Lack of parental support (eg, no friends, no extended family)
Lack of preparation for parenting/ education
Child neglect
Emotional deprivation
Poor feeding or feeding skills disorder

Paediatrics (11 decks)

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