Growth And Development Flashcards

0
Q

What Happens In The Infant Stage?

A
~ Rapid physical development
~ Crawling and walking
~ Grabbing and learning to eat
~ Talking and teething
~ Developing stable sleeping patterns
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1
Q

What Is The Definition Of Growth And Development?

A
An ongoing process from the moment of fertilization until death. It occurs in a sequence order and pattern.
Infant: Birth - 1yr
Toddler: 1yr - 3yrs
Preschool: 3yrs - 6yrs
Middle Childhood: 6yrs - 8yrs
Late Childhood: 8yrs - 12yrs
Adolescence: 12yrs - 18yrs
Young Adulthood: 18yrs - 40yrs
Late Adulthood: 65+yrs
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2
Q

What Reflexes Develop In The Infant Stage? (Birth - 1yr)

A

~ Moro Reflex
~ Rooting Reflex
~ Grasping Reflex

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3
Q

What Is The Moro Reflex? (Infant Stage)

A

Occurs when an infant is startled by a loud noise. The arms are
thrown apart, the legs extend and the head throws back.

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4
Q

What Is The Rooting Reflex? (Infant Stage)

A

Stimulated when the infant’s cheek is touched. The infant’s head
turns in the direction of the touch. This is necessary for feeding.

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5
Q

What Is The Grasping Reflex? (Infant Stage)

A

Occurs when the infants palm is stimulated causing the fingers to
close around the object

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6
Q

What Happens In The Toddler Stage? (1yr - 3yrs)

A

~ Potty training
~ Tolerating separation
~ Master eating and drinking
~ By the second year you can see if they are left or right handed
~ Speech and language skills increase
~ Play alongside others but not with them
~ Express independence

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7
Q

What Happens In The Preschool Stage? (3yrs-6yrs)

A

~ Grow taller but gain a little weight
~ Increase ability to communicate
~ Perform self care activities
~ Learn gender differences

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8
Q

What Happens With 3yr Olds Development?

A
~ Vocabulary of about 1,000 words
~ Ask why
~ Can share and take turns
~ Imaginary friends are common
~ Develop gender specific roles while playing games
~ Concept of time develops
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9
Q

What Happens With 4yr Olds Development?

A
~ Vocabulary of 1,500 words
~ Ask a lot of questions
~ Exaggerate stories
~ Enjoy dress up
~ More social and play in groups of two or three
~ Express curiosity about sexuality
~ Ask about why genitals are different
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10
Q

What Happens With 5yr Olds Development?

A

~ Vocabulary of 15,000 words
~ Ask fewer questions but have more meaning
~ Want definitions of unknown terms
~ Like to play games but cheat to win

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11
Q

What Happens In Middle Childhood Stage? (6yrs - 8yrs)

A
~ Grow about 5cm per year
~ Social and physical skills needed for physical games
~ Develop a conscience and morals
~ Basic reading, writing and arithmetic
~ Baby teeth are lost
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12
Q

What Happens With 6yr Olds Development?

A

~ Can be described as bossy
~ Have a best-friend
~ Tattling is common

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13
Q

What Happens With 7yr Olds Development?

A

~ More serious
~ Less stubborn
~ More aware of themselves

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14
Q

What Happens With 8yr Olds Development?

A

~ Peers are important, Being accepted and included are vital
~ Get along with adults but prefer to be with children
~ Can be described as defensive, opinionated and practical
~ Gives advice freely but doesn’t accept criticism well
~ More daring ( May pass notes in class)

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15
Q

What Happens In Late Childhood Stage? (9yrs - 12yrs)

A

~ Boys grow 2.5cm and girls grow 5cm per year
~ Develop lasting relationships
~ Learn to depend on themselves
~ Girls mature more quickly than boys (Physically)
~ Children at this age must be given correct factual informations
~ Be honest, complete answers
~ Boys and girls often tease each other
~ Question rules and rebelling is common

16
Q

What Happens To Boys In The Adolescence Stage? (12yrs - 18yrs)

A
~ Grow between 10cm-41cm
~ Sex organs increase in size
~ Appearance of facial, pubic and axillary hair
~ Deepening of voice
~ Increase in neck and shoulder size
17
Q

What Happens To Girls In The Adolescence Stage? (12yrs - 18yrs)

A
~ Grow between 5cm-23cm
~ Begin menstruation
~ Breast size increases
~ Appearance of pubic and axillary hair
~ Widening and rounding of hips
~ This is described at the awkward age
~ Become more independent from parents
~ Worry about fitting in
~ Can develop eating disorders
~ Thinking about careers (College & University)
~ Dating begins
~ Influenced by peers, media, family, culture
18
Q

What Happens In The Young Adulthood Stage? (18yrs - 40yrs)

A

~ Little physical growth during these years, but psychological and social development continue
~ Still choosing education and occupation
~ Choosing a life partner : looking for personality traits, mature, same goals, financial security, best friend, age, have a job, family history, baggage, developmental satisfaction, sex life.
~ Marriage
~ Children
~ Steady income

19
Q

What Happens In Late Adulthood? (65+yrs)

A
~ Adjusting to retirement
~ Lower income
~ Decreased physical strength and loss of health
~ Dealing with the death of a partner
~ Preparing for their own death