Growth and development

Question 1

What event marks the onset of development?

Answer 1

Fertilization

Question 2

Fertilization occurs in the___ with in ___?

Answer 2

Ampulla isthmus junction; 1 day of ovulation

Question 3

During fertilization of the oocyte,___ spermatozoa create a puncture of the____. Then ___ contacts the membrane of the oocyte for activation?

Answer 3

Many; corona radiate; one

Question 4

What process of chemical interplay among developing cells prompt the differentiation of other embryonic cells?

Answer 4

Induction

Question 5

What is the developmental fate of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst?

Answer 5

It becomes an embryo

Question 6

Improper development of which of the extra embryonic membranes affects the cardiovascular system?

Answer 6

Yolk sac

Question 7

Which of the three embryonic germ layers consists of cells that DO NOT migrate to the interior of the inner cell mass?

Answer 7

Ectoderm

Question 8

Which body system develops from all three embryonic germ layers?

Answer 8

Endocrine system

Question 9

Which event below is a factor that would influence delivery of the fetus?

Answer 9

Estrogen levels increase and increase sensitivity of smooth muscles to oxytocin. Relaxin is secreted and dilates the cervix of the uterus. Prostaglandin release stretches uterine wall.

Question 10

What is (are) the important function(s) of the placenta?

Answer 10

It produces hormones that affect maternal systems. It is a route for waste elimination and supplying fetal tissues with nutrients.

Question 11

Why does a mothers blood volume increase during pregnancy?

Answer 11

Much of her blood is redirected to the placenta

Question 12

What are the important roles in hCG in maintaining pregnancy?

Answer 12

It helps corpus luteum persist throughout out the first trimester. It promotes continued secretion of progesterone.

Question 13

Why is it more detrimental for a pregnant women to be exposed to teratogens, alcohol, or drugs during her first trimester than later pregnancy?

Answer 13

All major organs are forming

Question 14

At month 4 of prenatal development, which event has NOT occurred?

Answer 14

Formation of alveoli

Question 15

Colostrum contains___ then breast milk?

Answer 15

more proteins and less fat

Question 16

Where is oxytocin produced in the brain?

Answer 16

The paraventricular nucleus

Question 17

When the lungs expand as neonate takes its first breath, what important change(s) occur(s) in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 17

The pattern of blood flow changes due to changes in pressure in flow rates. The foramen ovale & ductus anteriosus close.

Question 18

If a fetus is delivered at 26 weeks and weighs 550 grams, what type of delivery has occurred and what are the chances of survival?

Answer 18

Immature delivery; most will die; despite neonatal care

Question 19

Why are children not identical copies to their parents?

Answer 19

Mutations occur during meiosis. Random distributions of chromosomes occurs during meiosis. Crossing over occurs during meiosis.

Question 20

If you are homozygous for a trait (such as curly hair) what does that mean for your phenotype?

Answer 20

You will express that trait

Question 21

How is your genotype distinguished from your phenotype?

Answer 21

Genetic makeup; anatomical and physiological characteristics of an individual

Question 22

Codominant means___. An example of a trait that is inherited in a codominant fashion is/ are___?

Answer 22

Both alleles are equally expressed; blood type AB

Question 23

If one parent is homozygous dominant for a trait (zz) and the other parent is homozygous recessive for the same trait (zz). What is the outcome of their offspring?

Answer 23

No offspring will express the recessive allele. All offspring will be heterozygous for the trait.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is indicative of the condition known as Fragile X syndrome?

Answer 24

Boys are affected by the disease and show signs of developmental delay. This syndrome illustrates how a single nucleotide stutter can cause severe impairment of a person.