Blood Vessels Flashcards
Which of the following is an important characteristic of capillaries?
Blood flows through them slowly and exchange occurs quickly.
Georgia stands all day at her job. From what condition may she begin to suffer?
Varicose veins
Why does blood pressure increase durning exercise?
Heart rate increases, vascular resistance increases, stroke volume increases.
While standing in the hot sun, sally begins to feel light-headed and faints. Why?
Blood has pooled in her lower limbs, cardiac output has decreased, sending less blood to the brain, and sweating has reduced blood volume.
Trace blood from the aortic arch to the right thumb. A=Artery and V=Vein R=Right and L=Left
Brachiocephalic a. > R. subclavian a. > R. axillary a. > R. brachial a. > R. radial a. > palmer arches
Why is blood pressure higher in the aorta than in the inferior vena cava?
The diameter of the aorta is smaller and velocity of blood flow is also greater.
Why does most filtration take place at the arterial end of a capillary?
CHP is higher at the arterial end.
How is mean arterial pressure determined?
It is diastolic pressure + (pulse pressure divided by 3)
What event is happening if net filtration pressure is negative?
Reabsorption is occurring in a capillary.
Which statement below is NOT true with regard to atherosclerosis?
The presence of foam cells on the blood vessel wall prevent the plaque from sticking.
Although it is true that arteries carry_, it is NOT always true that they carry_ blood?
Blood away from the heart; O2 rich.
Why are valves located in veins, but not in arteries?
Because venous blood pressure is lower, and valves prevent back flow of blood.
The hepatic portal system delivers?
Nutrients to the liver.
In fetal circulation, what is the role of the ductus venous?
Collects blood from the veins of the liver and empties into the inferior vena cava.
Fenestrated capillaries are important_ because_?
In filtration areas of the kidneys; they allow rapid exchanges of water and solutes b/w plasma and interstitial fluid, and at the median eminence of the hypothalamus; they allow diffusion of regulatory hormones.
A thrombus in the femoral artery prevents blood flow from the_ to the_?
External iliac artery; popliteal artery.
Grace is in an automobile accident, and her celiac trunk is ruptured. Which organs are directly affected by this injury?
Stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas
Mr. Petit has been prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What effect will this have on his body?
It will inhibit the conversion of angiotensin 1 and 2.
A patient in the ER has lost 1.5 liters of blood. Which of the following help restore venous return and improve cardiac output?
Secretion of E, NE, and constriction of arterioles. and secretion of ADH and aldosterone. and mobilization of venous reserves and recall of interstitial fluids.
Gordon has suffered a stroke in his basilar artery. Which regions of his brain suffered damage?
Medulla, pons, and cerebellum.
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of arteries, when compared to veins?
Arteries contain an internal elastic membrane in their tunica intima.
The heart and attires of the systemic and pulmonary circuits contain_% of blood volume while the venous system contains_%. This is because_?
35; 65; of low capacitation of veins.
Blood in the left internal iliac artery could travel to all of the following destinations, except?
Quadriceps muscles.
Which of the following is an example of a local vasoconstrictor?
Prostaglandins
If blood pressure rises above normal and baroreceptors in the carotid sinus are unresponsive, which of the following conditions will occur?
Vasomotor and cardioaccleratory centers remain stimulated/ decreased blood flow to the brain.
ADH, angiotensin 2, EPO, and ANP are all involved in long-term regulation of blood volume. Which 2 are also important in regulating blood pressure?
ADH and angiotensin 2
