growth Flashcards
What is the most common genetic mutation associated with growth hormone deficiency?
PROP1 gene
What gene mutation is assoicated with septo-optic dysplasia?
HESX1 – AD or AR is expressed in the oral ectoderm that gives rise to Rathke’s pouch, causes GH deficiency in association with septo-optic dysplasia.
What is genetic mutation that causes deficiencies of GH, prolactin and the β-subunit of TSH.
POU1F1
What genes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of pituitary specific cell lineages?
LHX3 and LHX4
How is growth hormone secreted?
somatotroph cells under the dual regulation of hypothalamically-derived GH-releasing hormone and somatostatin.
Produced in episodic pulses, seen mostly overnight and which are essential for normal growth.
how is puberty initiated hormonally?
hypothalamic pulses of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn stimulate pulses of LH
what acts on what to secete testosterone in male puberty?
Lutenising hormones acts on leydig cells
what binds to what to induce spermatogenesis in male puberty?
FSH binds to sertoli cells
What is treatment for central precocious puberty?
GnRH analogue therapy to suppress gonadotrophin and oestradiol secretion to prevent the challenging psychosocial effects of advancing puberty and to maximize potential adult height
What is cause of primary hypogonadism in girls and boys?
girls- Turners
boys- Kilnfelters
What is produced by anterior pituitary?
GH (growth hormone), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) and prolactin.
What is produced by the posterior pituitary?
ADH
Oxytocin
