Groups Of The Periodic Table

Question 1

Alkali Metals (Group 1)

Answer 1

-All metals (good conductors, solids, metallic bonding)
-low melting points
-low density
-Get more reactive going down as outer shell is further away from nucleus
-Form +1 ions by loosing their outer shell
-1 electron in outer shell
-highly reactive

Question 2

What do Alkali metals form when reacting with water?

Answer 2

(Hydrogen and alkaline solution)
Hydrogen+ metal hydroxide solution

Question 3

What happens when lithium is added to water?

Answer 3

It floats, fizzes and gets smaller till it disappears

Question 4

How does sodium react with water?

Answer 4

Melts to form a ball that moves vigorously around the surface of the water

Question 5

How does Potassium react with water?

Answer 5

Floats
Moves quickly
Hydrogen ignites setting it on fire lilac flame (sometimes small explosion)

Question 6

Test for Hydrogen gas (Alkali Metals)

Answer 6

Collect the gas in a glass of tube
Put the flame from a burning splint into the top of the test tube
The gas will burn quickly and give off a squeaky pop if present

Question 7

How can you test for hydroxide solution

Answer 7

Universal Indicator

Question 8

What is the PH of a hydroxide solution

Answer 8

(alkali solution) 8-14

Question 9

Why do the metals get more reactive going down?

Answer 9

Larger atoms= future distance between outer shell and nucleus so easier to loose electron

Question 10

Properties of Halogens (group 7)

Answer 10

All non metals
-Florine and Chlorine=gas
-Bromine=liquid
-Iodine, Astatine=solid
-They get less reactive going down
-All form -1 ions by gaining an electron
-Form acids when reacting with water
-Boiling\melting points increase going down the group
-density increases down the group

Question 11

Why do Halogens get less reactive going down?

Answer 11

Larger atoms= larger distance between outer shell and nucleus harder to attract or gain another electron (7 in outer shell)

Question 12

Test for Chlorine

Answer 12

Chlorine bleaches damp litmus paper turning it from blue to white. (It may turn red for a second as chlorine is acidic)

Question 13

Displacement Halogens

Answer 13

-The more reactive the halogen the more it wants to be in iconic form
-A more reactive Halogen will displace a less reactive one
E.g: Chlorine would displace Iodine as it’s higher up reactivity scale

Question 14

Properties of Nobel Gas’ (group 0)

Answer 14

-inert (unreactive due to full outer shell)
-Full outer shell
-Monoatomic gases= single atom no bonding
-Do NOT form ions
-Boiling point increases due to intermolecular forces
-all non metals (bad conductors, no bonding)

Question 15

Uses for each Nobel gas? (Helium, Argon, Neon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon)

Answer 15

Helium= party balloons and air tanks
Argon= welding (used as shield glass)
Neon= laser lights + red neon lights
Krypton= headlamps+ florescent lights
Xenon= photographic flash lamps
Radon= cancer treatment