Groups In The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the general equation for group 1 metals?
Group 1 metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
What observations are there between lithium and water?
Effervescence, floats, moves along surface of water.
What observations are there between sodium and water?
Effervescence, melts into a ball, orange flame, moves along surface faster
What observations are there between potassium and water?
Effervescence, floats, moves along surface very quickly, purple flame
What is the reactivity trend for group 1 metals?
Increases in reactivity as you go down the group
Explain the reactivity trend for group 1?
The number of shells in an atom increase as you go down the group, this causes the outer electron to be further form the nucleus. This causes their attraction to weaken making that outer electron easier to remove.
Why are group 1 metals called alkali metals?
They produce alkaline products (metal hydroxides)
Explain the physical trend in group 1?
The metals become softer to cut as you go down the group, all of them all shiny silver once cut
What is the appearance of fluorine at room temp
Yellow gas
What is the appearance of chlorine and room temp
Green gas
What is the appearance of bromine at room temperature
Dark red liquid
What is the appearance of iodine at room temperature
Grey solid
What is the trend in physical properties of the halogens?
Colour darkens as you go down the group.
What observations can be made when chlorine is heated with iron wool?
Brown gas forms, iron woo, glows, Green gas disappears
What observations can me made when bromine gets heated with iron wool?
Iron wool glows, white solid on iron wool, brown gas disappears.
What observations can be made when iodine is heated with iron wool?
Purple gas disappears, iron wool barley glows, some brown fumes
What is the reactivity trend for the halogens?
Reactivity decreases as you go down the group.
Explain the reactivity trend in the halogens.
There is an increasing number of shells this causes the outer electrons to get further from the nucleus. This causes a weaker attraction to the nucleus.
Explain the reactivity trend of the noble gases.
The Nobel gases are un reactive (or inert) as they do not readily lose, gain, or share electrons. (Most already have a full outer shell)
