Groups And Periodic Table Flashcards
How many electrons are in the outer shell of a group 1 element?
One
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell
List two properties of alkali metals
Soft
Relatively low melting points
Why are group 1 elements called the alkali metals?
They react with water to form solutions
What are the products of the reaction between lithium and water?
Lithium hydroxide and hydrogen
Why should alkali metals be stored in oil?
To prevent them reacting with water vapour and oxygen in the air
Why does reactivity increase down group 1?
The number electron shells increases down the group so there is more electron shielding. As a result, there is weaker attraction between the positive nucleus and outer shell electron
What group are the halogens in? Why?
Group 7 because they have 7 outer shell electrons.
What is the colour and state of chlorine at room temperature?
Pale green gas
What is the colour and state of bromine at room temperature?
Red-brown liquid
What is the colour and state of iodine at room temperature?
Black solid
Why are the halogens at different states at room temperature? What is the trend down the group?
At room temperature, chlorine is gaseous, bromine is liquid and iodine is solid because they have different melting and boiling points. As you go down the, melting and boiling point increases.
What is the chemical test for chlorine?
Damp litmus paper placed into a test tube of gas. If chlorine is present, the litmus paper will turn red then white due to the bleaching effect of chlorine
Halogens are diatomic. What does that mean?
They form molecules consisting of 2 atoms
Describe the trend in reactivity of the halogens.
Reactivity decreases down group 7
