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Chemistry > Fuels > Flashcards

Fuels Flashcards

1
Q

Why are fuels important?

A

They cook our food
Keep the cars and trains running
Heat out home

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2
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A fuel is a substance that reacts exothermically with oxygen. The energy contained in the fuel is released when it burns.

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3
Q

Name three fossil fuels

A

Coal
Crude oil
Natural gas

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4
Q

What are fossil fuels?

A

Fossil fuels are finite (non-renewable) energy resources

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5
Q

What is non-renewable?

A

They will eventually run out

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6
Q

What do fossil fuels release when they burn?

A

They release carbon dioxide which adds to greenhouse effect and increases global warming

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7
Q

Which causes the most carbon dioxide?
Crude oil
Coal
Natural gas

A

Coal produces the most carbon dioxide

Natural gas produces the least

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8
Q

What do coal and oil contain?

A

They contain sulfur impurities. When they burn, the sulfur burns too. This releases sulfur dioxide gas

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9
Q

What problems does sulfur dioxide cause?

A

Breathing problems for living creatures

Contributes to acid rain

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10
Q

What is combustion?

A

When a substance burns it reacts with oxygen. All combustion reactions are exothermic, this is because they release energy

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11
Q

What is the fire triangle?

A

Oxygen
Heat
Fuel

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12
Q

What is the equation for combustion?

A

Methane + Oxygen ——> Carbon dioxide + Water

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13
Q

What does incomplete combustion cause?

A

Carbon monoxide - a poisonous gas

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14
Q

What is the equation for incomplete combustion?

A

Carbon monoxide + Nitrogen monoxide ——> Nitrogen + Carbon dioxide

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15
Q

Crude oil is a fossil fuel. Which one of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
Coal
Uranium ore
Natural gas

A

Uranium ore

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16
Q

Which of the following terms CANNOT be used to describe fossil fuels?
Finite
Hydrocarbons
Renewable

A

Renewable

17
Q

What are the products formed when a hydrocarbon burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen?
Carbon monoxide and water
Sulfur dioxide and water
Carbon dioxide and water

A

Carbon dioxide and water

18
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide gas?
Relights a glowing splint
Turns lime water cloudy
Burns with a pop

A

Turns lime water cloudy

19
Q

Which of the following is an example of a renewable fuel?
Bio-ethanol
Oil
Peat

A

Bio-ethanol

20
Q

How long ago were fossil fuels formed?
They are made fresh every month
The late 1960s
Millions of years ago

A

Millions of years ago

21
Q

Which of the following pollutant gases can be released by burning fossil fuels?
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen dioxide
Hydrogen cyanide

A

Sulphur dioxide

22
Q

Which of the following is not one side of the ‘Fire Triangle’?
Fuel
Energy
Heat

A

Energy

23
Q

Which of these pairs can be produced by incomplete combustion of petrol?
Carbon dioxide and water
Carbon monoxide and soot
Nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide

A

Carbon monoxide and soot

24
Q

What is the safest way to extinguish a chip-pan fire?
Throw water at the base of the fire
Spray the area with a powder fire extinguisher
Cover the pan with a wet dish cloth

A

Cover the pan with a wet dish cloth

Chemistry (6 decks)

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