Group review

Question 1

Positive Trousseau’s

Answer 1

Pump BP cuff for 3 min, and there is a carpal spasms

Indicates hypocalcemia hypomagnesmia

Question 2

Positive Chvostek’s

Answer 2

Palpate facial nerve cheek and lip will twitch if positive

Indicates hypomagnesemia and Hypocalcemia

Question 3

3rd Spacing

Answer 3

Accumulation of fluid in abnormal compartment compartments such as abdominal region or lungs

Question 4

Hypertonic

Answer 4

Causes fluid to leave the cells causing the cells to shrivel

D5NS,D51/2, D5LR

Question 5

Hypotonic

Answer 5

Causes fluid to go into cells making them swell and burst

NS 0.45%

Question 6

Isotonic

Answer 6

Stay the same

NS and LR D5W

Question 7

Lasix makes you _______, so it helps you ___________

Answer 7

Urinate

Get rid of excess fluid

Question 8

Lasix ______ k-sparing, and Aldactone ________ k-sparing

Answer 8

Is not

Is

Question 9

Aldactone

Answer 9

K- sparing diuretic

Question 10

What foods are high in sodium

Answer 10

Processed foods, anything canned

Question 11

Foods high in calcium

Answer 11

Dark leafy greens, sardines, oysters, milk, milk products, canned salmon

Question 12

A pt with ileostomy is at risk for

Answer 12

FVD

Question 13

Elderly pt with FVD shows

Answer 13

Confusion

Question 14

Elderly pt with FVE feel ______

Answer 14

lethargic

Question 15

Tall T waves indicate

Answer 15

HYPERkalemia

Question 16

Prominent U waves indicate

Answer 16

HYPERkalemia

Question 17

Phlebitis

Answer 17

Edema, throbbing, burning or pain at site, increased skin temp, erythema, red line up the arm with palpable band at the vein sight; slowed infusion

Question 18

Green leafy vegetables are _______ in vitamin K so, do not give with _________.

Answer 18

High

Coumadin

Question 19

Hypernatremia

Answer 19

Avoid beef bouillon cubes

Question 20

Fluid volume excess

Answer 20

Increased BP, Dyspnea

Question 21

Hyperkalemia

Answer 21

Avoid bananas, avocados, oranges, apricots, cantaloupe

Question 22

Insensible loss

Answer 22

Through skin and lungs

Question 23

When assessing IV

Answer 23

Infection is the answer not infiltration

Question 24

K-Lori is _______ given for __________

Answer 24

Oral Potassium

Hypokalemia

Question 25

Treat pt with FVE with

Answer 25

Diuretics

Question 26

When giving nitroglycerin make sure you

Answer 26

Remove the old patch

Question 27

You give lovenox

Answer 27

Subcutaneously | The shot in the belly

Question 28

COPD patients are put on

Answer 28

2 L/min of O2 per nasal cannula

Question 29

Pursed lip breathing prolongs

Answer 29

Expiration

Question 30

Digioxin Causes

Answer 30

The halo effect

Question 31

If pt says that they can’t see all they see is light you should

Answer 31

Call the PCP

Question 32

If pt has HYPOvolemia you should cation pt to stand slowly bc of

Answer 32

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 33

Bronchodilators stimulate the ________________ response

Answer 33

Fight or flight response

Question 34

Sign that baby is experiencing hypoxia

Answer 34

Nasal flaring

Question 35

Elevate the Head of 80 degrees to assist with

Answer 35

Lung expansion

Question 36

Inaudible breath sounds are signs of an

Answer 36

Asthma attack

Question 37

Pnemothorax

Answer 37

Is an EMERGENCY, is is a sudden sharp pain and when PT breathes their chest will inflate a symmetrically. PT is NOT getting enough oxygen

Question 38

Have pt ________their mouth after taking dry powder inhalation

Answer 38

Rinse

Question 39

Give pt a ________ when you give them an inhaler so that they will take a _________ breath when you release medication

Answer 39

Count down | Deep breath

Question 40

Stridor

Answer 40

High pitched sounds think choking

Question 41

Crackles

Answer 41

Fluid volume overload

Question 42

Wheezing

Answer 42

High pitched, heard with asthma

Question 43

COPD comes from

Answer 43

Smoking

Question 44

When using an incentive spirometer you ______ not _______

Answer 44

Suck not blow

Question 45

RSV causes ________

Answer 45

SIDS-Sudden infant death syndrome | remeber back to sleep

Question 46

Corticosteroids

Answer 46

Prevents inflammation in the nares

Question 47

Expectorants

Answer 47

Gualfensin; encourage fluids Teach pt to cough effectively

Question 48

Mucolytic agents

Answer 48

Reduces the stickiness and viscosity of pulmonary secretions | Allows the pt to cough out the mucous plug

Question 49

An example of of a mucolytic

Answer 49

Mucomyst

Question 50

Mucomyst is the antidote for

Answer 50

Tylenol

Question 51

Infiltration

Answer 51

Pallor, local swelling at the site, decreased skin temp around the site, damp dressing, slowed infusion

Question 52

Catheter Embolus

Answer 52

Tip of catheter breaks off in PT Missing catheter tip after discontinuation Severe pain at the site with migration, no symptoms if no migration Remember don’t stick twice

Question 53

Fluid Volume Deficit causes

Answer 53

``` Inadequate intake/excessive output Fever Increased respiratory rate Sweating Third spacing Excessive GI loss Laxative abuse Chronic enema use ```

Question 54

Diagnostic tests for COPD

Answer 54

``` Spirometer Oxygen saturation Pulmonary function test AGB Bronchial challenge test Post bronchodilator test ```

Question 55

Assessment Findings for A pt with FVD

Answer 55

Negative balance between I&O Dizziness Dehydration Complaints of thirst, nausea, anorexia

Question 56

Signs and Symptoms of FVD

Answer 56

``` Weight loss Poor skin turgor Decreased urine Sunken eyeballs Increased respirations Tachycardia Thready pulse Increased temp Dry mucous membrane/tongue furrows Hypotension/flat neck veins ```

Question 57

Interventions for FVD

Answer 57

``` Replace fluid (LR or 0.9% NS) start isotonic is hypotonic fails Weigh daily Monitor I&O Safety precautions Vitals q4 ```

Question 58

When replacing fluid if hypotonic fails use ________

Answer 58

Isotonic

Question 59

Fluid Volume excess Causes

Answer 59

``` Too many fluids (IV or P.O.) Decreased kidney function Chronic heart failure Excessive ingestion of Na Administration of steroids ```

Question 60

Assessment of Fluid Volume Excess

Answer 60

Pt has previous hx of of cardiac, renal, or liver disease | Or recent consumption of large amounts of water

Question 61

Signs and Symptoms of FVE

Answer 61

``` Cough Dyspnea (increased respirations) Rales/crackles Tachypnea Orthopnea Increased BP Increased bounding pulse Decreased output Neck vein distention Anuria Headache Pitting edema (anasarca: generalized severe edema) Weight gain ```

Question 62

Interventions for FVE

Answer 62

``` Diuretics Lasix Aldactone Restrict fluids (monitor I&O hourly) Skin assessment Assess edema Turn q2 Semi Fowler’s Low Na diet Oral care Vital signs ```

Question 63

Meds for FVE

Answer 63

Loop-diuretics, lasix, k-depleting Thiazide-HCTZ, aldactazide, k-depleating Triamrerenerl-HCTZ, K-sparing