group influence Flashcards
social facilitation
mere presence of another influences behavior
triplett
perform simple task well in the presence of others
zajonc
arousal influences performance
dominant response strengthened
crowding
arousal increase for everyone
can be too aroused
social loafing
the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward common goal when they are individually accountable
social loafing causes
decrease in evaluation apprehension
>group evaluated, not individual
Diffused responsiblilty
>no one is solely responsible for failure
free riders
people who benefit from the group but give little in return
reducing social loafing
make task >challenging >appealing -provide incentives >involving >sense of team spirit >make individual performance count
deindividuation
loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension
deindividuation occurs
group size
> lost in the group and focus on what group is doing
physical anonymity
>less self-conscisous more group consicous
distracting activites
> impulsive behavior in the group distracts from personal values
>group action absorbs our attention
group think
tendency to support harmony of group and suppress dissent
what cause group think
cohesiveness
isolation from dessenting points of view
>not sharing info about group to outsiders
directive leader
symptoms of group think
group overestimates might and right
group becomes close-minded
group feels pressure toward uniformity
group overestimate might and right
illision of invulnerabiltiy
unquestioned belief in groups morality
group becomes close-minded
rationalizes decision
stereotyped view of opponent
groupthink
group feels pressure towards uniformity
self-censorship conformity pressure illusion of unanimity mindgaurds >protect group from dissenting points of view
group
two or more people who interact, influence one another, and perceived group as “us’’
minority influences 3 factors
minority is consistence
minority is self-confident
minority causes defections from the majority
leadership types
task leadership
social leadership
transformational leadership
task leadership
organize others, goals oriented
leader is directive
social leader
emphasis on teamwork
leader is democratic
minority influence
transformantion leadership
ability to get others to identify and commit to mission
leaders vision and inspiration influences group
most effective leadership
depends on members knowledge
can show both
>goal oriented
>sensitive to goals
