Group 7 Reactioms Flashcards
What is the common name for Group 7 elements in the periodic table?
Halogens
How many valence electrons do Group 7 elements have?
7
What color do halogens often appear as in their elemental form?
Diatomic molecules with different colors (e.g. F₂ is pale yellow, Cl₂ is greenish-yellow)
Which halogen has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
What is the trend in reactivity of halogens within Group 7?
Reactivity decreases down the group
Which halogen is a liquid at room temperature?
Bromine
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and an alkali metal?
2X(s) + 2M(s) -> 2MX(s) (where X is the halogen and M is the alkali metal)
In a displacement reaction between halogens, which halogen will displace the other from a solution of its salt?
The more reactive halogen will displace the less reactive halogen
What is the test for halide ions using silver nitrate solution?
Formation of a precipitate (AgX) where X is the halide ion
What color precipitate is formed when chlorine is added to a silver nitrate solution?
White
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and water?
X₂ + H₂O -> 2HX + HOX (where X is the halogen)
Which halogen is the strongest oxidizing agent?
Fluorine
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and a metal hydroxide?
X₂ + 2OH⁻ -> 2HX + OX²⁻ (where X is the halogen)
What is the trend in boiling points of halogens within Group 7?
Boiling points increase down the group
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and a metal chloride?
X₂ + 2MCl -> 2MX + Cl₂ (where X is the halogen and M is the metal)
What product is formed when chlorine reacts with cold, dilute NaOH?
Sodium chlorate(I) and sodium chloride are formed
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and ammonia?
3X₂ + 6NH₃ -> 6HX + N₂ (where X is the halogen)
What is the trend in melting points of halogens within Group 7?
Melting points increase down the group
Which halogen has the lowest boiling point?
Iodine
What product is formed when bromine water is added to an alkene?
A colorless compound is formed
What is the general equation for the reaction between a halogen and a metal sulfate?
X₂ + MSO₄ -> MX₂ + SO₂ + OX₂ (where X is the halogen and M is the metal)
What happens to the reactivity of halogens as you move down Group 7?
Reactivity decreases
What product is formed when iodine reacts with hot, concentrated NaOH?
Sodium iodide, sodium iodate(V), and water are formed
Which halogen has the highest melting point?
Iodine
What is the trend in atomic radii of halogens within Group 7?
Atomic radii increase down the group
