Group 3 Flashcards
A 7-month-old infant presents to an SLP for a swallow evaluation prompted by parental concerns related to the child coughing and choking frequently when swallowing thin liquids. The parents have attempted to feed the child small amounts of pureed foods, but the child spits them out.
Which of the following developmental milestones is a typically developing 7 month old most likely to demonstrate during a swallow evaluation?
A.Showing the ability to manipulate food
B.Creating vertical jaw movements
C.Using the rooting reflex when food is seen
D.Engaging tongue elevation patterns
Option (B) is correct. Using jaw movements to initiate chewing begins to emerge around 5 to 7 months, and it would be appropriate for the SLP to assess whether the child has begun to use this skil
It is most appropriate for a SLP to treat hyperadduction of the vocal folds by having the client
A.increase muscular effort through pushing or lifting while vocalizing
B.use light and gentle vocal-fold contacts
C.attempt quick onset of phonation
D.use drills with exaggerated contrastive stress on words
Option (B) is correct. Having the client use light and gentle vocal-fold contacts will help to reduce tension and thus would be effective in treating hyperadduction of the vocal folds. All of the other answer choices listed would serve to increase tension.
An SLP works with a patient who has severe dysphagia. The patient is on a pureed diet and honey-thick liquids. During treatment, the patient becomes tearful and expresses frustration. The patient says, “I feel like I’m not making any progress and I’m never going to eat normal food again. I hate this diet, and I hate doing therapy. I just want to give up.” The SLP responds by saying, “What you’re feeling is normal, and I understand. You’re doing everything you can right now to get better, and giving up isn’t the answer.” The SLP reaches across the table and places a comforting hand on the patient’s arm and has a caring facial expression.
Which of the following principles of counseling is the SLP primarily demonstrating? A.Showing congruence B.Having unconditional positive regard C.Offering the patient sympathy D.Providing emotional support
Option (A) is correct. The SLP is demonstrating congruence by using words and body language that match.
A transfer student is referred for a language evaluation. The student has spoken English for less than a year, and English is not the primary language used at home. To provide the student with culturally and linguistically appropriate service delivery, the student should be evaluated
A.using norms for standard English speakers
B.in the student’s native language
C.with the student’s parents present
D.based on formal assessments
Option (B) is correct. Assessment should be administered in the student’s native language for accurate results and appropriate service delivery.
Which of the following muscles is responsible for changing vocal pitch?
A.Posterior cricoarytenoid
B.Thyroarytenoid
C.Lateral cricoarytenoid
D.Cricothyroid
Option (D) is correct. The cricothyroid is responsible for changes in vocal fold pitch as it tenses the vocal folds.
Sensorineural hearing loss resulting from Ménière’s disease causes
A.a sudden hearing loss without warning
B.fluctuating levels of hearing loss
C.complete hearing loss at all frequencies
D.bilateral progressive hearing loss
Option (B) is correct. Ménière’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear and causes fluctuating hearing loss.
An SLP is evaluating a preschool child referred for concerns regarding stuttering. In which of the following areas is performance likely to be weaker in a preschooler who stutters than in a typical preschooler?
A.Hearing acuity
B.Voice
C.Language
D.Swallowing
Option (C) is correct. Some young children who stutter present with concomitant language delay/disorder. School-based SLPs report that among the children to whom they provide stuttering services, a significant percentage are also receiving language services. Some studies with preschoolers and children in early elementary grades who stutter have shown evidence of group-level deficits in various aspects of language functioning. Thus, in a number of studies, a significant subset of children who stutter have shown language skills that are weaker than those of typical children.
Children with semantic-pragmatic language disorders often have difficulty learning deictic words because such terms
A.require an understanding of indirect directives
B.take the perspective of the communication partner
C.refer to object permanence
D.have many alternate forms
Option (B) is correct. Deictic terms are words whose meaning shifts depending on the point of view of the speaker; difficulties with such terms is a core feature of semantic-pragmatic language disorders.
How many continuing education hours are required across a three-year certification renewal period to maintain a Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology?
A.10 contact hours
B.20 contact hours
C.30 contact hours
D.40 contact hours
Option (C) is correct. ASHA Certification Maintenance Standards require that all certificate holders (CCC-A and CCC-SLP) must accumulate 30 Certification Maintenance Hours (CMHs) of professional development during each three-year certification maintenance interval in order to maintain their ASHA Certificates of Clinical Competence.
During an evaluation, a 2½‑year‑old boy exhibits a lack of social reciprocity, an averted eye gaze, and repetitive motor mannerisms. The child’s behavior is most typical of which of the following?
A.Social‑pragmatic disorder
B.Autism spectrum disorder
C.Generalized developmental delay
D.Rett syndrome
Option (B) is correct. Autism spectrum disorder is the only one that includes all three of the characteristics described. The others may have one or another but not all three.
A patient is diagnosed with a cerebrovascular accident of the temporal lobe. The patient exhibits deficits in repetition, written expression, and auditory comprehension. In addition, literal paraphasias are noted. These findings are consistent with what type of aphasia?
A.Broca’s
B.Conduction
C.Anomic
D.Global
Option (B) is correct. A temporal lobe stroke and the symptoms described are typical of a patient with conduction aphasia.
Alan, a 62-year-old, right-handed African American male, sustained a traumatic brain injury mostly affecting his right hemisphere and bi-lateral frontal lobes. Alan was hospitalized for 24 days before being discharged to an inpatient brain injury rehabilitation program. His spouse attends his initial evaluation sessions. The SLP reports impairments in memory, poor awareness of deficits, and some changes in his communication skills.
The SLP already has current information about Alan’s performance on a standardized language battery suggesting minimal impairments. Therefore, the SLP completes an evaluation of Alan’s functional communication skills. The SLP’s assessment involves testing his functional use of humor, facial expressions, nonverbal communication strategies, and understanding functional written materials. The SLP hopes to use this information to determine the impact of Alan’s impairments on his daily life.
The SLP determines that Alan would benefit from an external memory aid, specifically a memory notebook. The SLP wants to be sure that Alan can learn to use the aid but is concerned that because of his memory impairment, he will struggle to retain the basic information about how to use the aid. The SLP discourages Alan from guessing and intervenes with support before Alan can make a mistake when using the device.
Alan’s performance profile reveals which impairment typical to right hemisphere dysfunction?
A.Aprosodia
B.Unilateral spatial neglect
C.Hyperresponsiveness
D.Anosognosia
Option (D) is correct. Anosognosia, the reduced awareness of deficits, is common after right hemisphere disorder.
Which of the following tools is most appropriate to evaluate Alan’s functional communication skills?
A.Western Aphasia Battery-Revised
B.Communication Activities of Daily Living-Second Edition
C.Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination-Third Edition
D.Test of Everyday Attention
Option (B) is correct. The CADL-2 is the best tool for evaluating functional communication skills in people with neurological communication disorders. It measures receptive and expressive language, as well as social use of language, gestures, and humor.
Which of the following cognitive rehabilitation practices is most appropriate for the SLP to use to help increase Alan’s success in learning basic information about his external memory aid?
A.Errorless learning
B.Attention process training
C.Method of vanishing cues
D.Expanded rehearsal
Option (A) is correct. The most appropriate practice for the clinician to use in this instance is errorless learning.
An elderly patient with multiple diagnoses including Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents to a home health SLP for treatment. The SLP recommends that the patient follow a mechanical soft diet with thin liquids, alternate bites and sips, take small bites, and have supervision when eating. Throughout the course of treatment, the patient exhibits a 12 percent weight loss with variable intake levels. To which of the following professionals is it most appropriate for the SLP to refer the patient?
A.A gastroenterologist, for possible feeding tube placement
B.A dietitian, for nutrition management
C.An ENTE N T specialist, for possible esophageal deficits
D.A neurologist, for assessment of progression of PD
Option (B) is correct. A dietitian will be able to assess caloric intake and recommend supplements and other ways for the patient to maintain a healthy weight.
