Group 3 Flashcards
Thickening of heart muscles
Hypertrophy
Pressure in the blood vessels is too high
High blood pressure
Chest pain
Angina
A permanent damage to the heart
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic heart disease could happen after an infection caused by what bacteria?
A streptococcus
Narrowing of the valve
Stenosis
Inflammation of the valve flaps
And damage to the valves from rheumatic fever
Valvulitis
Allows blood to flow in only one direction throught the heart
Heart valve
4 heart valves
- ) triscupid valve
- ) pulmonary valve
- ) bicuspid/ mitral valve
- ) aortic valve
Occur when your heart’s valve don’t work the way it should be
Heart valve disease
2 types of valvular heart disease
- Valvular stenosis
2. Valvular insufficiency
When the valve opening is SMALLER then normal and all 4 valves can be stenotic
Valvular stenosis
Meaning hardened, causing restriction of blood flow
Stenotic
Happens when a valce doesnt close tightly and blood may leak backwards
Valvular insufficiency
Other name for valvular insufficiency
Regurgitation
Causes of valvular heart disease
- Congenital
2. Acquired
Instead of 3 leaflets the biscupid has only 2
Biscupid aortic valve disease( congenital )
Problems that develop with valves that were once normal
Acquired valve disease
Heart valves become inflammed
Rheumatic fever
What happens to the leaflets of the valve during rheumatic fever?
The leaflets stick together and becomes scarred, rigid, thickened, and shortened
Rheumatic fever can lead to what?
Mitral regurgitation
What happens during endocarditis?
bacteria enter the blood stream and attack the heart valves, causing growths and holes in the valves and scarring
Leaflets of the mitral valve to flop back into the left atrium during the hearts contraction
Mitral valve prolapse
causes of mvp…
Coronary heart disease
Heart attack
Hypertension
Inflammation of the lining of the heart
Percarditis
Lining of the heart
Pericardium
Causes of pericardium
Unknown causes
Viral
Name for unknown causes
Idiopathic
Device implemented in the heart that mimic the function of the heart
Artificial heart valve
2 types of artificial heart valve
- Mechanical
2. Tissue or biological
An artificial heart valve that ismade up of very strong materials such as titanium and carbon
Mechanical ahv
Types of mechanical ahv
- Caged-ball
- tilting-disc
- bileaflet
Artificial heart valve made from animal tissue
Biological AHV
Biological valves made from animal tissue
Xenografts
Biological valves made from human
Homografts
Types of Biological valves
Pork - porcine
Cow - bovine
Human - homografts
2 sources of homografts
- Human cadavers
2. Human heart transplant recipients w/ otherwise healthy aortic valves
Occurs when the flow of blood is blocked
Heart attacks
Other name for heart attacks
Myocardial infraction
Symptoms of heart attacks
Nausea
Shortness of breath
Cold sweat
Fatigue
Caused by temporary decrease in blood
Angina
Build up of plaques resulting to restricted blood flow
Atheriosclerosis
Walls of the arteries harden
Arteriosclerosis
Complications that can occur with heart attacks
Arrythmia
Heart failure
Heart rupture
Valve rupture
Tests conducted for heart attacks
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Blood test
Chest xray
Echocardiogram
Coronary cathetrization
Exercise stress test
Surgical (heart attacks)
Coronary angioplasty and stenting
Coronary artery bypass
A procedure to locate blockages
Catheterization
Disorder of the heart rate
Arrythmia
Heartbeat is too fast
Tachycardia
Heart beat is too slow
Bradycardia
Hearts natural pacemakers
Sinoatrial node
Some common heart rhythms
Atrial fibrillation
Multi-focal atrial tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Supplies nutrients
Food
Heart problems that occur because of high blood pressure
Hypertensive heart diseases
