GROUP 2 - PAINTS & COATINGS Flashcards
Ranges from the broad group of
environmentally-sound latex paints that many consumers use to decorate and protect their homes and the translucent coatings that line the interior of food
containers,
Paint
Types of paints
Commonly produced by adding zinc or lead straight to varnish. Proven to form hard and glossier coatings that are absolutely easy to clean.
Enamel Paint
Types of paints
Usually use white lead as its base and applied in 3
coatings. Can greatly achieve glossy and mat finishes while
being durable and affordable
Oil Paint
Types of paints
Often use polystyrene and polyvinyl acetate as its binding materials, and contains driers such as manganese and cobalt.
Emulsion Paint
Types of paints
Neither water nor oil-based but usually available in powder form, mixed using water to achieve paint consistency.
Cement Paint
Types of paints
Usually made from tar or dissolved asphalt that
ultimately gives it a common characterized black
color.
Bituminous Paint
Types of paints
This type of paint often uses water as the thinner,
and this is very much available in a wide-ranging
set of colors.
Plastic Paint
Types of paints
Often characterized by its own chemical
resistance as being implied with its name. Often apply for pipes or any metallic surfaces.
Anti-corrosive Paint
Types of paints
Adhesion could be improved through the addition
of castor oil and the surfaces could be cleaned
easily. Cars and airplanes are where cellulose paint is
best applied.
Cellulose Paint
Different Painting System
Applied directly onto the cleaned steel surface. Its purpose is to wet the surface and to provide good adhesion for
subsequently applied coats
Primer Coat
Different Painting System
Applied to ‘build’ the total film thickness of the system. Generally, the thicker the coating the longer the life. Designed to enhance the overall protection and, when highly pigmented, decrease permeability to oxygen and water
Intermediate Coat
Different Painting System
It provides aesthetic appeal to the overall paint
system. Used to protect the paint system.
Finish Coat
Different Painting System
additional coats of paint that are applied locally to welds, fasteners and external
corners
Stripe Coat
Substance or material used in the
neutralization of acidic water. Used in the neutralization of acid waters.
Neutralizer
Type of Neutralizer
Removes acid from walls so that the paint does not peel off. It is normally used on newly plastered concrete or after etching.
Masonry/Concrete Neutralizer
Type of Neutralizer
Chemically reacts with rust to create a
neutral surface that does not rust further and
makes it bondable with paint
Rust Neutralizer
A water-based paint, made from
acrylic resin. Recommended to
use latex paint when painting larger
areas because it’s usually purchased
in larger quantities
Latex Paint
Mixing Ratio for Latex Paint
- 1.6 cups of water
per 1 gallon of latex paint - 3:1 or 4:1
Creates a tough, hardened surface
that’s virtually impervious. Consists of two distinct elements: an epoxy resin and a polyamine hardener
Epoxy Paint
Refers to a range of solvents that are
designed to thin paint or remove paint from brushes, rollers, and other painting tool
Paint Thinners
special types of paint that contain
reflective materials, such as glass
beads or microprisms.
Reflectorized Paints
A primer that acts as a preparatory or protective coating that prevents rust formation on the ferrous metal surfaces exposed to humidity and air.
Red Oxide Metal Primer
A blend of high performance resins combined with fluoropolymer lubricants. They are formulated with a superior solid film lubricant that controls abrasion by substantially reducing friction.
Fluoropolymer
One of the most common industrial coatings.
Epoxy
A chemical treatment is applied to steel parts that creates a thin adhering layer of iron, zinc, or manganese phosphates, to achieve corrosion resistance, lubrication, or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting
Phosphate
These coatings work by forming a barrier between the steel and its surrounding environment.
Inorganic Zinc
Common home improvement technique that uses a thin layer of joint compound to smooth out textured walls or repair damaged drywall to its original smooth surface
Skimcoat
A protective coating that is applied to masonry in order to protect it from external agents and damage. A mixture between a mortar and a binder (hardener) that allows to adhere to the wall
Plasters
The best bet when it comes to plastering
exterior walls because it is moisture-resistant and will protect the wall against climate changes as well as environmental pollution.
Cement Plasters
A ready-made plaster and is used after mixing it with water. It is white in color and powder in form
Gypsum-Based Plaster
Type of Plaster Finishes
A completely smooth and levelled surface is acquired. The mortar prepared for the smooth cast finish is made of cement and fine sand
Smooth Cast Finish
Also called as spatter dash finish. Mortar used to get rough cast finish consist coarse aggregate along with
cement and sand
Rough Cast Finish
Type of Finish
Obtained when the plastering is done in two coats. The first coat is provided with zigzag lines. It is because a smooth surface won’t hold a freshly applied coat of mortar.
Sand Faced Finish
Type Of Finish
The pebbles are lightly pressed into the mortar using a wooden float. This type of Plaster finish normally used for decorative purposes
Pebble Dash Finish
Type of Finish
Different tools such as steel straight edges or old saw blades are used for scrapping the plastered surface. Scrapped surfaces are usually less liable to cracks
Scrapped Finish
Type Of Finish
Small pieces of gravel or flint are pressed with a hand on the surface of the plaster.
Depeter Finish
Type of Finish
Different textures, as well as various ornamental patterns, are created on the surface of plaster.
Textured Finish
Painting Defects
The elastic tendency of liquids that make them acquire the least surface area possible. This occurs when the forces at the interface of a liquid differ from those within the liquid.
Surface Tension
Painting Defects
Uneven film thickness, dewetting
CAUSES:
Small cracks formed in the coating. This can occur on
recoat or if coating is applied to solvent sensitive plastics
Crawling
Painting Defects
Small round depressions in the surface of the coating
CAUSES:
Small particles of a low surface tension
contaminant on the substrate or that embeds in the
coating
Craters/Fish eyes
Painting Defects
Peeling of paint surface
CAUSES:
Paint containing strong solvents.
Peeling
Painting Defects
Small cracks formed in the coating.
CAUSES:
This can occur on
recoat or if coating is applied to solvent sensitive plastics.
Application of coatings on plastics where
the paint contains strong solvent
Crazing, Cracking
Painting Defects
Areas of low gloss or a white haze
CAUSES:
Humidity condenses on the wet paint due to the
cooling effect of solvent evaporation when the
substrate temperature is below the dew point.
Loss of gloss, blush
Painting Defects
Markings of the brush on paint surface
CAUSES:
Uneven flow of the applied coating.
Brush Marks
Painting Defects
The formation of fine powder on the surface of the paint
film during weathering, which can cause color fading.
CAUSES:
Extended exposure to moisture and the
harmful radiation of UV rays.
Chalking
Painting Defects
Paint lifts up and peels away from the substrate due to the
loss of adhesion.
CAUSES:
Application over powdery or chalking
undercoats.
Flaking
A deposit of mineral salts on surfaces of concrete and masonry walls and/or
floors.
Efflorescence
CAUSES OF EFFLORESCENCE
water containing dissolved salts is brought to the
surface of masonry, the water evaporates and the salts
are left on the surface
Effects of Efflorescence
Any efflorescence on the surface will provide a
poor, friable base for coatings, preventing
effective adhesion from occurring.
How to prevent efflorescence
sealing concrete from water penetration using a
penetrating sealer.
Type of Brush
These are synthetic brushes made from a blend of nylon and
polyester bristles.
POLYESTER/NYLON BRUSHES
Type of Brush
Are made from animal hair, usually from hogs, and are best suited for oil-based paints.
Natural bristle brushes
Type of Brush
These are made from a foam pad and are disposable. They are ideal for applying varnish, shellac, or other clear finishes, as they do not leave brush marks.
Foam Brushes
Type of Brush
These are designed with a slanted edge, which makes them ideal for cutting in along corners and edges.
Angled Brushes
Type of Brush
Have a pointed tip and are designed for detail
work and small areas.
Round brushes
Type of Brush
These are designed with a wide, flat edge and are ideal for
painting large, flat surfaces such as walls or doors. They are
available in both synthetic and natural bristle options
Flat Brushes
Forcing paint through a small opening or nozzle at high pressure. This creates a fine mist of paint that is sprayed
onto the surface being painted
SPRAY GUN / COMPRESSED AIR MACHINES
