Group 2 Flashcards
Magnesium + Steam
Mg (s) + H2O (g) —> MgO (s) + H2 (g)
Magnesium + water
Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) —> Mg(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)
Calcium + water
Ca (s) +2H2O (l) —> Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)
Barium + water
Ba (s) + 2H2O (l) —> Ba(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)
Strontium + Water
Sr (s) + 2H2O (l) —> Sr(OH) (s) + H2 (g)
Use of barium metal
Barium meal
For CT scans and X-Rays
Use of Mg(OH)2
Neutralises excess stomach acids
For indigestion
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + 2H2O
Use of CaO and CaCO3
Flue gas desulfurisation
CaO + SO2 —> CaSO3
Neutralises SO2
CaCO3 + SO2 —> CaSO3 + CO2
Use of Ca(OH)2
Neutralises acidic soils
Use of magnesium
Extraction of titanium from its ore
Use of acidified BaCl2
Test for sulphate ions in solution
Ba2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) —> BaSO4 (s)
Solubility of group 2 hydroxides
Increases down group 2
More OH- ions in solution
Mg(OH)2 - very sparingly soluble
Ca(OH)2 - sparingly soluble
Sr(OH)2 - slightly soluble
Ba(OH)2 - soluble
How to test for hydroxides
Add MgCl2
White precipitate forms
Test for Mg
Add NaOH (or other soluble metal hydride)
White precipitate MgCl2 is formed
Solubility of group 2 sulfates
Solubility of sulfates decreases down group 2
MgSO4 - soluble
CaSO4 - slightly soluble
SrSO4 - sparingly soluble
BaSO4 - insoluble
Test for sulfates
Add acidified BaCl2
White precipitate forms
What temperature is titanium oxide converted to Titanium Chloride ?
900°
Equations for extracting titanium from its core
- TiO2 (s) + 2Cl2 (g) + 2C (s) —> TiCl4 (g) + 2CO (g)
- TiCl4 + 2Mg —> Ti + 2MgCl2
Process for extracting titanium
TiCl4 is a liquid which fumes in moist air
Purified by fractional distillation in Argon atmosphere
Mg used as reducing agent and heated with TiCl4 in atmosphere of argon at 600°
Forms MgCl2 and Ti
