Group 17 Flashcards
States and colours of 17th grp
F,Cl gas, Br liquid I solid
F YELLOW GAS
Cl pale greenish yellow
Bromine reddish brown gas
I purple violet
Electron affinity
Bond energy order
BA:Cl>Br >F>I
EA:Cl>F>Br>I
F2 is stronger oxidizing agent than Cl2
High hydration energy of F-
Low bond dissiciation
Which halogens react with water
F Cl
Br I are insoluble
Bp
Mp of hydrides of halogens
Bp Hcl<Hbr<HI<HF
MP HCL<HBr<HF<HI
Formation of halogen hydrides
Exothermic
Decreases
Which oxide of fluorine stable at 298K
OF2
O o Bond lengthin O2F2 H2O
OF BL
O O :O2F2< H2O2
O F: O2F2 >H2O2
OF2 >O2F2
Stablity of halogen oxides and why
I >Cl >Br
More polarizing more ionic
Multiple bond formation
Shows neither
Discuss abt the oxides of halogens
Fluoride strong oxidizing and fluoridation agents
Chloride highly reactive oxidizing agents
Clo2 used as bleaching agent
Bromine least stable exist at low temp powerful oxidizing agents
Iodine I2O4 I2O5 I2O7 Insoluble solids decompose on heating
I2O5 used for estimation of CO
Decreasing oxidizing ability of halogens in aq sol is dependent on
Electrode potential
Enthalpy of dissociation electron gain hydration energy
Reaction of F with water
It oxidizes water
F2+ H2O = HF +O2+ O3
Reation of CL BR I
Cl2 +H2O =HCl+ HOCl
Br2 +H2O =HBr +HOBr
I2 no reaction
F2+ NaOH dil and conc
Conc
HF O2 NaF
Dil
NaF OF2 H2O
Cl2 Br2 I2
With NaOH conc dil
Conc:NaCl +NaOCl3+ H2O
Dil: NaCl+ NaOCl+ H2O
Metal halides metal in lower oxidation states are more ionic
True
Fluorospar fluorite
CaF2
Anomalous properties of F2
One oxoacid ;most reactions are exothermic;HF only liquid hydride rest all gases
AgF Cafe MgF2 which are soluble in water
AgF2
Deccans process and its reagent
HCl+1/2O2=(cucl2) Cl2 +H2O
CuCl2
Weldons process
MnO2 +Hcl=MnCl2 Cl2 H2O
KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 +HCl decomposition
MnCl2+ KCl +Cl2 +H2O
KCl +CrCl3+ Cl2+ H2O
How does cl exist as hydrated
Cl2.8H2O
Cl2 h2o permanent or temporary
Permanent bleaching due to oxidation
NH3 +cl2
Nh3 excess NH4Cl N2
Cl2 excess HCl NCl3
CaOH)2 +Cl2= CaOCl2 H2O
Ca(OCl)2.CaCl2.Ca(OH)2.2H2O
HCl+Fe
FeCl2 H2
No FeCl3 as it reduces to FeCl2
Aqua Regia
Au and pt
Au= H[AuCl4] +NO+ H2O
Pt=H2[PtCl6]+NO+H2O
Which oxide of Cl is para
ClO2
Which oxide of Cl is a dimer
ClO3 Cl2O6
Hydrolysis of Cl2O6
Cl2O6+ H2O= HClO3 +HClO4
Hydrolysis of ClO2
ClO2=HClO2 +HClO
Cl2O Cl2O7 hydrolysis
Cl2O =HOCl
Cl2O7= HClO4
Clo2 prep
KClO3+H2So4 conc=KHSO4 +HClO4 +
ClO2
Oxaacids of halogens are purely present in which state
Aqueous stable
Hypohalous acid
HOCl HOF HOBr HOI
Chlorine forms this acid only no other
HClO2 halousacid
Halic and per helicopter acid
HClO3 HClO4
Cl O bond length in oxoacids
ClO- >Clo2- >Clo3- >Clo4-
Thermal STABILITY OF OXOACIDS
Hocl <HClO2 <HClO3 <HClO4
Oxidising power
HOCl> HClO2> HClO3 >HClO4
Which XX’ halogen least stable
IF
Why are interhalogens more reactive than halogens
More polarity
Low bond ennergy
Interhalogens are para or dia
Dia
Which interhalogen is dimer
Planar or non planar
ICl3 I2Cl6 it is planar
All possible XX3 XX5 XX7
ClF3 ClF5 IF7
BrF3 BrF5
IF3 IF5
ICl3
What are pseudo halogens
(CN)2 (SCN)2
On reaction with what CaOCl2 no bleaching action
CoCl2
Nh3+CaoCl2
Nh3 excess
NH2-NH2+ CaCl2+H2O
CaOCl2 excess
N2+CaCl2 +H2O
Cryolite
Phosgene
Tear gas
Na3AlF6
COCl2
CCl3NO2
Mustard gas
ClCH2CH2SCH2CH2Cl
