group 15 Flashcards
most reactive allotrope of phosphorus and its solubility
white phosphorus ,insoluble in h2o but soluble in cs2 ccl4
white and red phosphorus structures odour
..,garlic ,odourless
melting and boiling point 15th increasing
n<p<as>sb>bi;
n<p<as<sb>bi</sb></as>
most stable nitrogen trihalide,only ionic trihalide
NF3,BiF3
higher oxides of halogens tend to be more stable than lower
true
hydrolysis of pcl3,ncl3,sbcl3’bicl3
h3po3+hcl,hocl+nh3,biOCl+hcl,same as bi
high purity of nitrogen can be obtained by
barium azide Ba(N3)2
FROM NH3 HOW TO GET N2
combustion,heating with CuO
which all decomposition gives N2
NH4NO2,BaN3)2,NH4)2Cr2O7,NH4ClO4
Habers process condition for nh3 prep
catalyst: iron promoters:molybednum,al2o3,k2o
temperature:700k
pressure:200atm
bond angle of nh3,h2o
107,104.5
solubility of n2 nh3 ph3 odour toxicity
n2:low,odourless,non toxic
nh3:high,pungent odour
ph3:slightly,rotten fish,poisonous
cynamide process
cac2+n2=cacn2+h2o=caco3+nh3
urea to n2,nh3
urea hydrolysis
n2:urea+hno2 oxidation=n2
nh3:urea +naoh=nh3+naco3
urea+h2o=nh4)2vo3=nh3+h2o+co2
suitable dehydrating agents of nh3
suitable:cao,cah2
not:cacl2,h2so4 as they react
nh3 with cl2
nh3 with caocl2
Cl2
cl2 excess:ncl3+hcl
nh3 excess:nh4cl+n2
CaOCl2
CaOcl2 excess: cacl2+n2+h2o
n2 excess:nh2=nh2+cacl2+h2o
nh3 to no,n2
no:catalytic oxidation in pt wire gives no
n2 :combustion
excess nh3 soluble
Zn(oh)2=Zn(NH3)4]+2 colourless
cu(oh)2 pale blue ppt,Cu(NH3)4]+2 DEEP BLUE
AgCl/AgOH=Ag(nh3)2]+2 colourless
ni(oh2)green ppt=Ni(nh3)6]+2
test for NH4+
nesselers reagent:k2(hgI4)
NH4+K2[HgI4]=NH2HgOHgI +KI+H2O
REDDISH BROWN PPT
MILLANS BASE
Hydrazoic acid nan3 formation
NaNH2+N2O=NAN3+hcl=N3H
hydrazoic acid
prep of no,n2o,n2o3,n2o5
no:nh3+pt wire oxidATION
nh4no2+feso4+h2so4
n2 +h2 high arc energy
n20:heating of nh4no3
anhydrous of H2N2O2
n2o3:anhydrous of hno2
no+no2
no2:decomp of pb(no3)2
N2O5=ANHYDROUS OF HNO3
coloured oxides and paramagnetic,acidic
blue:n2o3;red brown:no2
para:no,no2
acidic:n2o3,n2o5,no2
neutral;no,n2o
OSTWALDS PROCESS
NH4+02[Pt wire]=no
HNO2+Cl2+h2o
HNO3+HCL
HNO3 GIVES H2 DILUTE
MG,MN
Au,Pt with aqua regia
aucl4- +NO
PtCl6)-2 +no
HNO3 WITH Zn,Fe,Sn dil
hno3 with zn cu fe sn pb conc
hno3 with cu ag hg pb dil
passive
zn(no3)2+n20
cu(no3)2=no2
no
Sn Al Au, Pt,Cr
brown ring test
for presence of no3- no2-
Fe+2 with no3-/…=fe+3 NO
fe+2 +no=[ Fe(H2O)5(NO)]+2
ON OF FE IS +1
phosphine prep
P4+naoh+h2o=ph3+NaH2PO2
