Group Flashcards
What is group behavior and what are the three categories?
Group is closer to a bunch of individuals; more individualistic
1) Roles
2) Social loafing
3) Risky shift
What are roles? And what are the two categories?
Set of expectations of behavior
1) Role sender: they say how they think you should do your job; employer
2) Role taker: they accept the role senders requirements; employee
What is social loafing?
Individual in group ride on group performance
-Reduced by indentifiable individual contributions / member evaluations (strong indicator)
Name something about superordinate goals.
Everyone has to contribute to succeed
What is risky shift? And give the reasons for it.
-Group becomes more extreme than individuals
Reasons:
1) Social comparison: individual mistake extreme individual for group direction
2) Persuasion: extreme individual more persuasive than moderate
-Good examples: court trials
What are the two categories of group development?
1) Social cohesion: stick togetherness of group; especially in face of problems
2) Task cohesion: cohesion around task performance; don’t have to love everyone
What are the 6 sources for social cohesion?
1) Severe initiation
2) Commonalities: similar psychology; background/leads to friendships (something that the group shares)
3) Time: longer you interact, the more you get to know each other
4) Size: smaller group, more interaction/optimal size is 4-7 (limits social loading and enables people to bring ideas)
5) Common enemy: external pressure
6) Successes: people want to belong to successful group
What is the problem with social cohesion?
Difficult to have diversity and cohesion
What are the 3 sources for task cohesion?
1) Common goals: quality, customer service
2) Interdependent tasks: everyone has to participate
3) Leadership focuses on task completion
Define “teams.”
More closely nit and collectively oriented/more cohesion
-Teams are more task oriented, more interactive than groups
What is the difference between teams and groups?
Teams: collective orientation, performance, cooperation
Groups: more individual orientation, performance, less coordination
What are 3 examples of teams?
1) Quality teams: suggest quality improvements
2) R&D teams: produce prototype
3) Medical teams: nurses have more to say and doctors trust their opinion more than in the past
What are team functions?
Need a number of people to do a number of things/ some people have more than one job
What are the two categories in team functions?
1) Task functions: focus on task/ getting the job done
2) Maintenance functions: focus on interpersonal relations
List the order of task functions.
1) Initiate ideas
2) Seek info
3) Elaborate
4) Coordinate
5) Summarize
6) Evaluate
List the order of maintenance functions.
1) Support
2) Set standards
3) Get others to express feelings
4) Bring about consensus
5) Resolve conflicts
6) Reduce tension
List the 5 things you must do to create an effective team?
1) Diverse composition
2) Skill mix
3) Define mission
4) Esprit de corps
5) Task cohesion
What is diverse composition?
Different types of people with different attributes
What are the two categories of skill mix?
- Skills audit: take inventory of what you have and what you need.
- Train in skills lacking: try to balance all the skills you need
How do you define a mission in creating an effective team?
Why does this group exist?
What is its purpose?
What do you need to accomplish?
What is Esprit de corps?
It means spirit of the body; want to build a sense of identity; can do this by having a name for the group (should reflect the mission); have a logo and advertise (ex. t-shirts and merchandise)
What is task cohesion in creating an effective team?
Task will be the commonality.
