Group 1- alkali metals

Question 1

What are group 1 metals known as

Answer 1

The alkali metals

Question 2

What elements are in group 1

Answer 2

• lithium
• sodium
• potassium
• rubidium
• Caesium
• Francium

Question 3

Why do alkali metals all have similar chemical properties

Answer 3

• They all have one electron in the outer shell

Question 4

What are the physical properties of alkali metals

Answer 4

• Low melting and boiling points compared to other metals
• low density - Li, Na, K float on water
• Very soft - they can be cut with a knife

Question 5

Why are group 1 metals reactive?

Answer 5

• They readily lose their one outer electron to form a +1 ion to get a stable electronic structure
• as you go down group 1 the alkali metals get more reactive
• because outer electron is easily lost because the atomic radius is larger
• therefore it’s less strongly attracted to nucleus and less energy needed to remove it

Question 6

Describe the reaction between a alkali metal and cold water

Answer 6

• Reacts vigorously
• produces metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 7

describe the reaction between rubidium and cesium with water

Answer 7

• react violently with watee and explode

Question 8

what is the balanced equation of sodium + water

Answer 8

2Na+2H₂O→2NaOH+H₂

Question 9

what is the base word equation for reaction of a group 1 metal with a dilute acid

Answer 9

• metal + acid → salt +hydrogen

Question 10

sodium add hydrochloric acid

Answer 10

2Na+2HCl→2NaOH+H₂

Question 11

What are the group trends for group 1

Answer 11

Down the group:

• increasing atomic radius
• decreasing electronegativity
• increasing reactivity
• decreasing melting and boiling pointsincreasing atomic radius

Question 12

What would you see when lithium reacts with water

Answer 12

• When lithium is added to wafter it floats.
• It fizzes steadily and becomes smaller, until it eventually disappears.

Question 13

What is the word and symbol equation for lithium reacting with water

Answer 13

• lithium + water → lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
• 2Li(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Question 14

What would you see if sodium reacted with water

Answer 14

• the sodium melts to form a ball that moves around on the surface
• It fizzes rapidly
• produces hydrogen that may burn with an orange flame before the sodium disappears.

Question 15

What is the word and symbol equation of sodium reacting with water

Answer 15

• sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
• 2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Question 16

What would you see if potassium reacted with water

Answer 16

When potassium is added to water

• It melts and floats around very quickly on the surface of the water.
• The hydrogen ignites instantly.
• The metal is also set on fire, with sparks and a lilac flame.
• There is sometimes a small explosion at the end of the reaction.

Question 17

What is the word and symbol equation for potassium reacting with water

Answer 17

• potassium + water → potassium hydroxide + hydrogen
• 2K(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H₂(g)