Group 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Riddle and Haffner 1999
A
- 15 ESU within a well studied cactus mouse
- traditional concept of species failed to delineate monophyletic set of population
2
Q
Groom & Palmer 2012
A
- 2 pilot projects, china and Mozambique of REDD
- Mozambique: N’hambita Community Carbon Project promotes agroforestry project. Financial benefit to the farmers may be limited but potentially create off-farm employment
- Pro REDD
3
Q
Winkel 2012
A
- Connecting Foucault and forests
- Review paper of Foucaltalian criticisms/papers of environmental governance
- Common motivation: how the so-called mainstream knowledge is created
4
Q
Berglund 2001
A
- Finnish Forest War
- Conflict between two powers (Forestry and Conservation) using the same science to fight against each other
- Example of science as a discursive strategy
5
Q
Balmford &Cowling 2006
A
- 10 challenges of conservation
- Better monitoring and communicating the changing state of nature
- Assessing and improving the success of conservation interventions
6
Q
Moyle 2003
A
- Unexpected consequence of oversimplification in CITES principles
- E.g. New Zealand blindly proposed to list all the kiwi species on Appendix I thought trades are not the main cause to the vulnerability
- E.g. Australian parrots sales legal domestically but internationally banned by CITESàthe price skyrocketed in the black market and created incentives to capture/smuggle them
7
Q
Khanna and Harford 1996
A
- CITES Critiques
- Trends in African elephant population vary depending on the country
- Countries with stable populations were against banning
- Countries with declining populations and income from tourism wanted banning
- In Zimbabwe, illegal killing of elephants increased by ten-folds after a total ban in 1990 within a year
- International regulations should be supplemented by incentives
8
Q
Gomez-Boggethun et al. 2010
A
- Different values of ecosystem services
- Intrinsic value (economic): use value
- Intrinsic value (biophysical): non-use value
- Subjective value: exchange value
9
Q
Hall 1952
A
- Values don’t exist intrinsically
- Values are independent from facts
10
Q
Salamon 2002
A
-Tools of governance: regulations, grants, taxes and loans
11
Q
Goldstein et al. 2012
A
- Gap between ecological and financial values when ecosystem services fail to be part of the market
- Incorporating ES values to Land-use Planning
- E.g. Kamehameha schools in Hawaii
- Seven scenarios
- Tradeoffs between environment and financial benefits
- Tradeoffs between carbon storage and water quality
12
Q
Costanza et al. 1997
A
-Willingness to pay
13
Q
Benton et al. 2003
A
- Heterogeneous landscapes and biodiversity
- Spacial variability acts as a buffer to temporal variability
14
Q
Dutton et al. 2008
A
- Modeling farmers’ willingness to practice agroforestry
- Integrate social and ecological modelling to predict outcomes
- > 70% of species overlapping in forest and agroforest
15
Q
Bhagwat et al. 2005
A
- Quality of matrix is important of habitat islands existing within the matrix
- Sacred sites
