Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Gross structures & CSF > Flashcards

Gross structures & CSF Flashcards

1
Q

What is the alternative name for the forebrain?

A

Prosencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the components of the forebrain?

A
  1. Telencephalon:
    - Cerebral cortex
    - Basal ganglia
  2. Diencephalon:
    - Thalamus
    - Hypothalamus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the components of the hindbrain?

A
  1. Medulla
  2. Pons
  3. Cerebellum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the components of the brainstem?

A
  1. Medulla
  2. Pons
  3. Midbrain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the alternative name for the midbrain?

A

Mesencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the alternative name for the hindbrain?

A

Rhombencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the constant sulci present in the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. Longitudinal sulcus (between 2 hemispheres)
  2. Central sulcus (between frontal and parietal lobes)
  3. Lateral/Sylvian sulcus (between temporal and frontal/parietal lobes)
  4. Parieto-occipital sulcus (between parietal and occipital lobes, on medial surface)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are the lobes named?

A

After the bones of the skull they are located beneath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is significant about arrangement of grey matter and white matter in the brain compared to spinal cord?

A

Grey matter on the outside in brain but inside in spine (apart from the deep nuclei).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the major cortices in the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. Primary motor cortex: Anterior to central sulcus.
  2. Primary somatosensory cortex: Posterior to central sulcus.
  3. Primary visual cortex: On occipital pole (especially in calcarine sulcus).
  4. Primary auditory cortex: Lateral temporal lobe (beneath lateral sulcus).
  5. Primary olfactory cortex: Medial temporal lobe.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the functions of glial cells?

A
  1. Supports neurone
  2. Produces myelin
  3. Removes debris from injured cells
  4. Take up neurotransmitters
  5. Guides axons in development
  6. Regulates synaptic properties
  7. Forms BBB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is pain represented?

A
  • Primary somatosensory cortex
  • Insula
  • Anterior cingulate cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the ventricular system of the brain?

A

Lateral ventricles (2) → Inter-ventricular foraman (of Munro) → 3rd ventricle (1) → cerebral aqueduct → 4th ventricle (1) → central canal of spinal cord (or → foramina of Magendie & Luschka → subarachnoid space)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the horns of the lateral ventricles?

A
  1. Anterior horn
  2. Posterior horn
  3. Inferior horn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the important cisterns?

A
  1. Cisterna magna: Between medulla and cerebrellum.
  2. Lumbar cistern: Inferior to conus medullaris (L1).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the locations of the coroid plexuses?

A

All ventricles

17
Q

What is the course of CSF?

A

Blood → Choroid plexus → Ventricles → Subarachnoid space → Arachnoid villi → Venous sinuses → Blood

18
Q

What are the main sources of arterial supply to the brain?

A
  • Internal carotid artery (ICA, anterior cerebral circulation)
  • Vertebral arteries (posterior cerebral circulation)
19
Q

What are the branches of the ICA?

A
  1. Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
  2. Middle cerebral artery (MCA)
20
Q

What does the ACA supply?

A
  • Frontal lobe
  • Medial aspects of parietal/occipital lobe
  • Medial aspects of motor/somatosensory cortex supplying lower limbs.
21
Q

What does the MCA supply?

A
  • Basal ganglia
  • White matter
  • Lateral motor/somatosensory cortex supplying the upper limbs/head and neck
  • Internal capsule
22
Q

What are the branches of the vertebral artery?

A
  1. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
  2. Anterior spinal artery
23
Q

What are the branches of the basilar artery?

A
  1. Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
  2. Anterior infereior cerebellar artery (AICA)
  3. Superior cerebellar artery
  4. Pontine arteries
24
Q

What does the PCA supply?

A
  • Occipital lobe
  • Infero-posterior surface of temporal lobe
25
Q

How is the circle of willis formed?

A
  • ACA connected to each other by the anterior communicating artery.
  • ICA/MCA connected to the posterior cerebral arteries by the posterior communicating arteries.
26
Q

What is the nature of venous drainage of the brain?

A
  • Superficial veins → Venous sinuses
  • Deep veins → Great cerebral vein
27
Q

What is the structure of the venous sinuses?

A
28
Q

Where are the major blood vessels supplying the brain mostly located?

A

Subarachnoid space

29
Q

What types of stains are used to visualise different types of tissue in the brain microscopically?

A
  • Grey matter: Nissl stains (e.g. toluidine blue)
  • White matter (e.g. Weigert-Pal method)
30
Q

What are the types of contrasts in MRI scans?

A
  1. T1:
  2. Dark fluid
  3. Bright white matter
  4. Dark grey matter
  5. T2:
  6. Dark white matter
  7. Bright fluid
  8. Bright grey matter
31
Q

What is the nature of somatotopic representation in somatosensory cortex?

A
  1. The legs are represnted in the medial aspects
  2. The arms and hands are represented in the superior and superolateral aspects
  3. The head is represented in the lateral aspects

Neuroanatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions