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NS Exam 2 > Gross Brain and Brainstem > Flashcards

Gross Brain and Brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex contained in the brain?

A

Precentral frontal gyrus

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2
Q

What gyrus contains Broca’s area?

A

Inferior frontal gyrus

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3
Q

What is the action of the premotor and supplementary motor areas of the frontal lobe?

A

Planning and initiating voluntary movements

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4
Q

Which hemisphere contains Broca’s area?

A

Left

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5
Q

What is the action of Broca’s area?

A

Motor aspects of written and spoken language (handwriting, texting)

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6
Q

What is the action of the prefrontal cortex?

A

Executive functions: personality, decision making, insight, foresight

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7
Q

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?

A

Postcentral parietal gyrus

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8
Q

What is the primary somatosensory cortex responsible for?

A

Processing tactile and propioceptive information, sensory localization

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9
Q

What part of the parietal lobe is involved in language comprehension?

A

Inferior parietal lobule

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10
Q

What is the action of Wernicke’s area?

A

Language comprehension

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11
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

A

Superior temporal gyrus (posterior portion)

(and some of inferior parietal lobule)

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12
Q

Which hemisphere usually contains Wernicke’s area?

A

Left

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13
Q

Where is the primary auditory cortex located?

A

Superior Temporal gyrus

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14
Q

Between what 2 sulci is the Cuneus of the occipital lobe located between?

A

Parietooccipital sulcus

Calcarine sulcus

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15
Q

What gyri make up the limbic structures of the brain?

A

Cingulate gyrus

Parahippocampal gyrus

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16
Q

What limbic structure is located beneath the uncus of the temporal lobe?

A

Amygdala

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17
Q

What actions/responses is the limbic lobe responsible for?

A

Emotional response

Drive-related behavior

Memory

18
Q

What part of the cerebral cortex is responsible for taste?

A

Insula

19
Q

What white matter structure connects cortical areas within the same sulci/gyri?

A

Arcuate fibers

20
Q

What white matter structures connect cortical areas within the same hemisphere?

A

Longitudinal/Association fasciculi

21
Q

What white matter structure connects cortical areas within R/L hemispheres?

A

Commissural tracts

22
Q

What white matter structure connects cortical areas within other body regions?

A

Projection tracts

23
Q

The anterior commissure is contained within what structure in the brain? Connects what lobes?

A

Corpus callosum

Temporal Lobe

24
Q

All sensory information (except olfactory) is relayed through what structure?

A

Thalamus

25
Q

What structure does the thalamus relay almost all information to?

A

Cerebral cortex

26
Q

Damage to what structure will cause abnormalities in equilibrium, posture, coordination of voluntary movements?

A

Cerebellum

27
Q

What are the ridges of the cerebellum called?

A

Folia

28
Q

What meninges is the filum terminale continuous with?

A

Pia mater

29
Q

What are the 2 locations where the spinal cord increases in diameter?

A

Cervical

Lumbosacral

30
Q

What does Lissauer’s tract transmit?

A

Posterior rootlets to the posterior horn

31
Q

What is the structure that caps the posterior horn?

A

Substantia gelatinosa

32
Q

What SC structure contains the cell bodies of lower motor neurons?

A

Anterior horn

33
Q

What SC structure contains autonomic neurons?

A

Intermediate gray matter

34
Q

What spinal levels is Clark’s nucleus specific to?

A

T1-L2

35
Q

What is the action of Clark’s nucleus?

A

Sensory processing

36
Q

Lateral horn is composed of preganglionic sympathetic neurons from what spinal levels? From what structure?

A

T1-L3 from Intermediolateral cell column

37
Q

Primary afferent and lower motor neurons convey information to/from which nervous system?

A

CNS

38
Q

Where do lower motor neurons convey information?

A

CNS to skeletal muscle

39
Q

Sensory primary afferent neurons convey information to what side?

A

Ipsilateral

40
Q

What cortex is contained within the transverse temporal gyrus?

A

Primary Auditory Association Cortex

NS Exam 2 (12 decks)

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