Gross Anatomy & Clinical Anatomy (Test #1)

Question 1

Anatomical Position

Answer 1

a common visual reference point

• person stands erect w/ feet together and eyes forward
• palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from body

Question 2

Axial Reigon

Answer 2

cephalic (head), cervical (neck), thoracic (inside chest), abdominal, pelvic (groin), pubic (genital), upper limb, manus (hand), lower limb, pedal (foot)

Question 3

Appendicular Reigon

Answer 3

contains all that axial region does besides pelvic & thoracic, but has back (dorsal)

Question 4

Directional Terms

Answer 4

used to explain precise location of body structure in relation to another body structure

ex.
- superior/inferior
- medial/lateral
- superficial/deep

Question 5

Frontal (coronal) Plane

Answer 5

lies vertically and divides body into anterior and posterior parts
(back and front)

Question 6

Transverse Plane

Answer 6

Runs horizontally and divides body into superior and inferior parts (head and tail)

Question 7

Serous Cavities

Answer 7

Slitlike space lined by serous membrane
(A serous membrane [also referred to as a serosa] is one of the thin membranes that cover the walls and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.)
-pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum
+parietal serosa: outer wall of the cavity
+visceral serosa: covers visceral organs
(^The serous membranes have two layers; parietal and visceral, surrounding a fluid filled space)

Question 8

Right Upper Quad

Answer 8

liver, gallbladder

Question 9

Left Upper Quad

Answer 9

diaphragm, spleen, stomach, transverse colon of large intestine

Question 10

Right Lower Quad

Answer 10

Small Intestine, cecum, appendix

Question 11

Left Lower Quad

Answer 11

Descending colon of large intestine, initial part of sigmoid colon, urinary bladder

Question 12

X-Ray

Answer 12

electromagnetic waves of very short strength

Question 13

Angiography

Answer 13

Contrast medium highlights vessel structure
Digital Subtraction Angiography (DNA)
-images taken b4&after contrast medium injection
-comp. subtracts be4 from after to identify blockage of arteries to heart wall and brain

Question 14

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Answer 14

formed images by detecting radioactive isotopes injected into the body

Question 15

Sonography (ultrasound imaging)

Answer 15

body is probed w/ pulses of high-freq sound waves that echo off body’s tissues

Question 16

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Answer 16

produces high-quality images of soft tissues