Gross Anat. of the Paraalimentary Tract Flashcards
Which pancreatic bud migrates more extensively?
Ventral pancreatic bud.
What are the 3 salivary “glands”? Which are serous? Which are mixed serous/mucinous? Innervation?
Parotid - serous only - CN IX
Submandibular - serous and mucinous - CN VII
Sublingual - serous and mucinous - CN VII
(Sublingual is actually a lot of tiny glands)
Which bud forms the head of the pancreas?
The ventral pancreatic bud.
Which bud forms the neck, body, and tail of the pancreas?
The dorsal pancreatic bud.
What divides the liver into left and right anatomic lobes?
The falciform ligament.
What’s actually in the left functional lobe?
The left anatomical lobe, the quadrate lobe, and most of the caudate lobe.
The border is the IVC / gall bladder fossa.
What defines the 8 resectable areas of the liver?
Different blood supplies.
I - IV are in the left functional lobe…
What’s the break down of oxygen supply to the liver?
25% from proper hepatic artery.
75% from the hepatic portal vein.
When there’s an accessory pancreatic duct, where did it come from?
The dorsal pancreatic duct.
Where is the spiral valve?
Coming out of the gall bladder.
Wheres the blood supply to the gall bladder usually come from?
It comes from the cystic a., which 75.5% of time comes off the right hepatic artery.
4 parts of the gallbladder?
Fundus, body, infundibulum, and neck.
What’s the significance of the infundibulum of the gallbladder?
This is a very common place for gall stones to form… which can then compress the cystic duct.
What’s the blood supply of the head of the pancreas?
Pancreaticoduodenal a. - its blood supply is shared with the duodenum.
What’s the blood supply of the body and tail of the pancreas?
Branches of the splenic a.
What blood vessels run between the head/neck of pancreas and the duodenum?
SMA and SMV.
What happens when the SMV and splenic vein join?
They form the hepatic portal vein.
What mainly drains the hindgut?
The IMV
What drains directly into the hepatic portal vein (not the SMV or splenic vein)?
The left gastric vein.
What happens when the hepatic portal drainage gets blocked?
Portal hypertension -> dilation of portal caval anastomoses.
3 (or 4) sites of portal-caval anastomoses? Clinical sign of each?
Esophageal - esophageal varices
Paraumbilical - caput medusae
Rectal veins - internal hemorrhoids
Retro-peritoneal - “not clinically relevant”
What’s the blood supply to the appendix?
A branch of the ileocolic a.
Where is the appendix, 2/3 of the time?
“Retrocecal” - hanging out behind the cecum. Important for surgery…
