Grip Milestones Flashcards
Grips
Power - Forces directed between fingers + thumb and palm (hook, spherical, cylindrical)
Precision- Forces directed between thumb and fingers (pincer, pulp-pulp, key, lumbrical)
Pre Reaching
10 weeks gestation
movements of hand to mouth, CNS Poorly developed
uses proprioception more than vision
Birth Hand Movements
hand to mouth continues, increasing evidence to support intentional
influences on development of reaching
head control + co-activation of shoulder
hands open & more together
achievement of stability in sitting
Stages of Grasps
3-4m : begins but still jerky (proprioception > vision) and grasp reflex downregulated
4-6m : palmar grasp develops
6-7m : radial palmar grasp
7-9m : radial digital grasp
9-10m: proximal stability, increase wrist accuracy = scissors graps and pointing
10-11m: inferior pincer grasp
11-12m : mature pincer grasp
Stages of Release
neonate - touch dorsum of hand to extend fingers
5-6m - transition to purposeful release
6-7m - begin release by letting object go on surface transfers object hand to hand
9-10m - casting is common, drops food from highchair = object permanence
12m - graded release, stacking blocks etc
Hand Use Stages
7m - bilateral manipulation, engages in visual inspection, hand to hand transfer , progress to holding a toy in each hand
9m - one hand and the other explores
12 - two hands have coordinated asymmetric roles, tripod grasp for writing by 5-6 years
Characteristics of Play
Pleasureable
Spontaneous and voluntary
Learning
Types of Play
0-2m Sensorimotor play, simple repetitive movements
12m + constructive, building
2-6y : pretend play
8+ : Games with rules
Play in relationships
0-2/3 yr : Solitary (repetitive + functional)
2-4 yr: Parallel (symbolic + early socio-dramatic)
3.5-5 yr: associative (more interested in play partners than play)
5-8 yr: Co-OP (socia-dramatic)
