Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Molcules and Materials- First year uni > Green chemistry > Flashcards

Green chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is green chemistry?

A

the discipline which can make sure that chemicals in the future are purposely designed to have a better life cycle and sustainability rating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do we do to prevent pollution?

A
  • drive smaller, more efficient cars
  • take the commuter train/public transport
  • ride a bike
  • recycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 4 main groups chemical reactions can be classified into?

A
  • rearrangement
  • addition
  • substitution
  • elimination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of reactions are more atom economical?

A

rearrangement and addition because they involve reactant atoms being repositioned within the same molecules or within a second molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which type of reactions are less atom economical?

A

substitution reactions because they involve replacement of one group with another
elimination also as eliminated atoms are always lost as waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can you calculate atom economy?

A

% atom economy = mass of desired products/total mass of reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When is a process 100% atom efficient?

A

when all reactant atoms are included within desired product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define hazard

A

the intrinsic ability of a substance to result in consequences that are adverse to human health and environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define toxicity

A

the type of hazard that has adverse consequences to biological organisms or systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define physical hazards

A

hazards that cause injury or significant disruption at a well defined localised level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define global hazards

A

hazards that have adverse consequences occurring on a larger scale area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define risk

A

the probability of an adverse consequence occurring through consideration of a number of exposure and hazard related parameters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How should chemical products be designed ?

A

to preserve efficacy of the function while reducing toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define solvent

A

a substance that dissolved something else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define solute

A

the substance that is dissolved in the solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are solvents bad?

A
  • drive most of the energy comsumption in a process
  • major contributors to overall toxicity profile
  • concern for safety issues as they are flammable, volatile and explosive
17
Q

How can products be designed to be energy efficient?

A
  • energy requirements for environmental and economic impacts and should be minimised
  • synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient temperature and pressure
18
Q

Define a feedstock

A

Any renewable, biological material that can be used directly as a fuel, or converted to another form of fuel or energy product

19
Q

Why is better to use renewable feedstock?

A

better than depleting another non renewable source

20
Q

What is a catalysis?

A

The acceleration of a chemical reaction by means of a substance which is not consumed by the overall reaction

21
Q

What are the benefits of using a catalysis?

A
  • reduces the energy
  • increases efficiency
  • reduced by product formation
22
Q

How should chemical products be designed to reduce waste?

A

at the end of their function they do not persist in the environment, but instead break down into innocuous degradation products

23
Q

What is photolysis?

A

where organic compounds can degrade in sunlight, the splitting of light

24
Q

What is real time analysis?

A

The process of ‘checking the progress of chemical reactions as it happens’ which should be carried out to control the formation of hazardous substances

25
Q

How can safer chemistry prevent accidents?

A

the substances and form of substance used in a chemical process should be chosen to minimise the potential for chemical accidents, including releases, explosions

26
Q

What is green washing?

A

the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company/ environmental benefits of a product of service

27
Q

What is the green washing sin of the hidden trade off?

A

committed by suggesting a product is ‘green’ based on an unreasonably narrow set of attributes without attention to other important environmental issues

28
Q

What is the green washing sin of no proof?

A

committed by an environmental claim that cannot be substantiated by easily accessible supporting information by a reliable third party

29
Q

What is the green washing sin of vagueness?

A

committed by every claim that is so poorly defined or broad that its real meaning is likely to be misunderstood by the consumer

30
Q

What is the green washing sin of worshiping false labels?

A

committed when a claim communicated either through words or images gives the impression of a third party endorsement where no such endorsement exists

31
Q

What is the green washing sin of lesser of 2 evils?

A

committed by claims that may be true within the product category but has the risk of distracting consumers by the greater environmental impact

32
Q

What is the green washing sin of irrelevance?

A

committed by making an environmental claim that may be truthful but which is unimportant or unhelpful for consumers seeking environmentally preferable products

33
Q

What is the green washing sin of fibbing?

A

committed by making environmental claims that are simply false

34
Q

Define a chemical footprint

A

the chemicals consumed, produced and modified by an entity

35
Q

What five things should be considered when analysing how sustainable the life cycle of a product is?

A

extraction, manufacturing, distribution, use, disposal,

36
Q

What is atom economy?

A

a measure of the efficiency of a reaction, determined as how many of the atoms of the reactant are incorporated into the final product and how many are wasted.

37
Q

How can you calculate % yield?

A

mass of products made/mass that could be made x 100

Molcules and Materials- First year uni (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions