green and pink basic info booklets Flashcards
Molecule
small number of atoms COVALENTLY bonded together
Compound
2 or more different types of atom chemically bonded together
mixture
2 or more substances NOT chemically bonded
ion
atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost electrons
element
substance which contains only 1 type of atom
acid + base ~>
salt + water
acid + carbonate ->
salt + water + carbon dioxide
very reactive metal + water ~>
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
reactive metal + acid ~>
metal salt + hydrogen
what is group 1 known as
alkali metals
what is group 2 known as
alkaline earth metals
transition metals properties (7)
- form several positively charged ions
- form colourful compounds
-they are good conductors of heat and electricity.
-they can be hammered or bent into shape easily.
-they have high melting points (but mercury is a liquid at room temperature)
-they are usually hard and tough.
-they have high densities.
what is group 7 known as
halogens
what is group 8 known as
noble gases
diatomic molecule
only composed of 2 atoms of the same or different chemical elements
why does group 4 not have ions
a lot of energy needed to remove electrons
acids
- hydrochloric
-nitric
-sulphuric
-ethanoic
-HCl
-HNO3
-H2SO4
-CH3COOH
compounds which contain metals
ionic
compounds which contain non metals
covalent
precipitation
when 2 aqueous solutions mix and react to form an insoluble solid
test for chloride ions
add aqueous silver nitrate and nitric acid
white ppt of silver chloride forms
test for sulphate ions
add aqueous barium chloride and HCl acid
white ppt of barium sulphate forms
combustion
when organic compounds BURN IN OXYGEN or excess of air to form CO2 and water
thermal decomposition
carbonates decompose on heating to produce metal oxide and C02
