greek things lessons 1-4 Flashcards
diphthong pronounciation: αι
defy, fine
diphthong pronounciation: ει
wait, bait
diphthong pronounciation: οι
boy
diphthong pronounciation: υι
wit
diphthong pronounciation: αυ
scow, plow
diphthong pronounciation: ευ
e + u
diphthong pronounciation: ηυ
η + u
diphthong pronounciation: ου
boot
gamma combination pronounciation: γγ
anger
gamma combination pronounciation: γκ
banker, anchor
gamma combination pronounciation: γξ
larynx, sphinx
gamma combination pronounciation: γχ
lunkhead
comma in Greek
,
period in Greek
.
colon/semicolon in Greek
. (above line)
question mark in Greek
;
what nouns are first declension
-ᾱ or -η
first declension nominative singular
-ᾱ or -η
first declension nominative plural
ᾱι
first declension genitive singular
ης, ᾱς
first declension genitive plural
ῶν
first declension dative singular
ῃ or ᾳ
first declension dative plural
αις
first declension accusative singular
ην or ᾱν
first declension accusative plural
ᾱς
first declension vocative singular
-ᾱ or -η
first declension vocative plural
ᾱι
second declension nominative singular
ος (ον in neuter)
second declension genitive singular
ου
second declension dative singular
ῳ
second declension accusative singular
ον
second declension vocative singular
ε (ον in neuter)
second declension nominative plural
οι (α in neuter)
second declension genitive plural
ων
second declension dative plural
οις
second declension accusative plural
ους (α in neuter)
second declension vocative plural
οι (α in neuter)
definitie article masculine nominative singular
ὁ
definitie article masculine accusative singular
τόν
definitie article masculine genitive singular
τοῦ
definitie article masculine dative singular
τῷ
definitie article masculine nominative plural
οἱ
definitie article masculine genitive plural
τῶν
definitie article masculine accusative plural
τούς
definitie article masculine dative plural
τοῖς
definitie article feminine nominative singular
ἡ
definitie article feminine accusative singular
τήν
definitie article feminine genitive singular
τῆς
definitie article feminine dative singular
τῇ
definitie article feminine nominative plural
αἱ
definitie article feminine accusative plural
τάς
definitie article feminine genitive plural
τῶν
definitie article feminine dative plural
ταῖς
definitie article neuter nominative singular
τό
definitie article neuter accusative singular
τό
definitie article neuter genitive singular
τοῦ
definitie article neuter dative singular
τῷ
definitie article neuter nominative plural
τά
definitie article neuter accusative plural
τά
definitie article neuter genitive plural
τῶν
definitie article neuter dative plural
τοῖς
indentify principle part I
present active indicative
indentify principle part II
future active indicative
indentify principle part III
aorist active indicative
indentify principle part IV
perfect active indicative
indentify principle part V
perfect passive indicative
indentify principle part VI
aorist passive indicative
first person singular present active indicative
(principle part I) ω
second person singular present active indicative
(principle part I) εις
third person singular present active indicative
(principle part I) ει
first person plural present active indicative
(principle part I) ομεν
second person plural present active indicative
(principle part I) ετε
third person plural present active indicative
(principle part I) ουσι (ν)
first person singular imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ον
second person singular imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ες
third person singular imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ε(ν)
first person plural imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ομεν
second person plural imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ετε
third person plural imperfect active indicative
(principle part I) ἐ + ον
first person singular future active indicative
(principal part II) ω
second person singular future active indicative
(principal part II) εις
third person singular future active indicative
(principal part II) ει
first person plural future active indicative
(principal part II) ομεν
second person plural future active indicative
(principal part II) ετε
third person plural future active indicative
(principal part II) ουσι(ν)
first person singular aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + α
second person singular aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + ας
third person singular aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + ε(ν)
first person plural aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + αμεν
second person plural aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + ατε
third person plural aorist active indicative
(principal part III) ἐ + αν
what is special about neuter plural noun/verb agreement
neuter plural nouns take singular verbs
present active infinitve
(principle part I) ειν
aorist active infinitive
(principle part III) αι
future active indicative
(principle part II) ειν
first person singular perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) α
second person singular perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ας
third person singular perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ε(ν)
first person plural perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) αμεν
second person plural perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ατε
third person plural perfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ασι(ν)
first person singular pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + η
second person singular pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + ης
third person singular pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + ει(ν)
first person plural pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + εμεν
second person plural pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + ετε
third person plural pluperfect active indicative
(principle part IV) ἐ + εσαν
perfect active infinitve
(principle part IV) εναι
first person singular present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ω
second person singular present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ῃς
third person singular present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ῃ
first person plural present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ωμεν
second person plural present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ητε
third person plural present active subjunctive
(principle part I) ωσι(ν)
first person singular aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ω
second person singular aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ῃς
third person singular aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ῃ
first person plural aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ωμεν
second person plural aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ητε
third person plural aorist active subjunctive
(principle part III) ωσι(ν)
first person singular present active optative
(principle part I) οιμι
second person singular present active optative
(principle part I) οις
third person singular present active optative
(principle part I) οι
first person plural present active optative
(principle part I) οιμεν
second person plural present active optative
(principle part I) οιτε
third person plural present active optative
(principle part I) οιεν
first person singular aorist active optative
(principle part III) αιμι
second person singular aorist active optative
(principle part III) αις/ειας
third person singular aorist active optative
(principle part III) αι/ειε(ν)
first person plural aorist active optative
(principle part III) αιμεν
second person plural aorist active optative
(principle part III) αιτε
third person plural aorist active optative
(principle part III) αιεν/ειαν
what are the primary tenses in greek
present, future, perfect, and future perfect
what are the secondary tenses of greek
imperfect, aorist, and pluperfect
what does a primary tense verb of the indicative govern in the dependent clause
subjuctive
what does a secondary tense verb of the indicative govern in the dependent clause
optative
what do the following nouns have in common: θαλαττα, μουσα, γεφυρα, μοιρα
feminine nouns with nominative singular short -α
what happens if the stem of a feminine noun ends in ε, ι, or ρ ni the first declension
the endings of the genitive and dative singular have ᾱ instead of η
what happens if the stem of a masucline nouns end in ε, ι, or ρ in the first declension
nominative singular ends in ᾱς
what do the following nouns have in common: πολιτης, ποιητνς, νεανιας
first declension masculine nouns
what must adjectives agree in
case, number and gender
what must articles agree in
case, number and gender
what are the two groups of adjectives in greek
three-ending adjectives and two-ending adjectives
what do two-ending adjectives contain in their dictionary entry
one set of ednings for masculine/feminine and one set of endings for neuter
translate the following phrase in attributive position: ὁ αγαθος ανθρωπος
the good man
translate the following phrase in attributive position: ὁ ανθρωπος ὁ αγαθος
the man, the good one
translate the following phrase in attributive position: ανθρωπος ὁ αγαθος
a man, the good one
what is predicate position
an adjective which agrees with a noun accompained by the article, but whic itself is not preceded by the article
what happens in a sentence where there is an adjective in predicate position
noun and article become the subject, adjective becomes the predicate adjective
what is a nominal sentence
one where an english linking verb is supplied
what is the rule about nominal sentences
the adjective is not preceded by the article
how can a nominal sentence be formed without an adjective
two nouns, one as the subject, one as the predicate noun
how can you determine the subject in a two-noun nominal sentence
the subject usually has an article, but the predicate noun does not
what kind of sentence consists of two statements
conditional statement
what is the protasis of a conditional statement
the assumption
what is the apodosis of a conditional statement
the conclusion
formula for FMV
ἐαν + subjunctive / future indictative
ἐαν + subjunctive / future indictative
FMV
translation for FMV
does / will do
identify the conditional: if he sends a messenger, they will stop the battle
FMV
formula for FLV
ει + optative / optative + αν
ει + optative / optative + αν
FLV
translation for FLV
should do / would do
identify the conditional: if he should send a messenger, they would stop the battle
FLV
formula for present general
εαν + subjunctive / present indicative
ἐαν + subjunctive / present indicative
present general
translation for present general
does / does
identify the conditional: if he sends a messenger, the stop the battle
present general
which conditional sentences can use “ever” and “always” in the translation
present general and past general
which conditional sentences have the same protasis
present general and FMV / past general and FLV
formula for past general
ει + optative / imperfect indicative
ει + optative / imperfect indicative
past general
translation for past general
did / did
identify the conditional: if he sent a messenger, they stopped the battle
past general
formula for present contrafactual
ει + imperfect indicative / imperfect indicative + αν
ει + imperfect indicative / imperfect indicative + αν
present contrafactual
translation for present contrafactual
were doing / would be doing
identify the conditional: if he were sending a messenger, they would be stopping the battle
present contrafactual
formula for past contrafactual
ει + aorist indicative / aorist indicative + αν
ει + aorist indicative / aorist indicative + αν
past contrafactual
past contrafactual translation
had done / would have done
identify the conditional: if he had sent a messenger, they would have stopped the battle
past contrafactual
what happens when a word ends with a short vowel and the following word begins with a vowel or diphthong
vowel is elided
how is an elision marked
apostrophe
how is the following vowel augmented: α
η
how is the following vowel augmented: ε
η
how is the following vowel augmented: ι
ῑ
how is the following vowel augmented: o
ω
how is the following vowel augmented: υ
ῡ
how is the following vowel augmented: αι
ῃ
how is the following vowel augmented: αυ
ηυ
how is the following vowel augmented: ει
ῃ
how is the following vowel augmented: ευ
ηυ
how is the following vowel augmented: οι
ῳ
what diphthong is not augmented
ou
what is an object infinitive
a verb that serves as the direct object of the main verb
