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Greek History Flashcards

1
Q

Dark Age

A 
75% Pop drop
Loss of international trade and writing
No more urban centers
Deterioration of fine arts; Proto-Geometrict Style
Big man government
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2
Q

Oral Tradition

A

Dark Age = Age of Heros
5 Ages of Man
Trojan War

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3
Q

Dark Age Culture

A

Xenia is super important
Epic burial
Proto-geometrict/geometric Style Pottery

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4
Q

Epic Burials

A

Primary cremation, Processions, mound, funeral games

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5
Q

Lefkandi Burials

A

Female Inhumation: Weapons, armor, artwork
Male cremation: Warrior burial
Burial of 4 horses

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6
Q

Proto-Geometric/Geometric Pottery

A

Scenes from epic poetry
Burial scenes
Pottery for Symposiums

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7
Q

Archaic Period State-Types

A

Macro States: Countries (Egypt)

Micro States: Polis/City-states (everyone else)

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8
Q

Chalkis/Eritrea

A

Polis from Euboea. Rivals. Warred themselves into irrelevance. Prolific colonizers (Syria, Italy, Sicily)

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9
Q

Lelatine War

A

War between Chalkis/Eritrea. Only war with multiple Polis on each side between Troy and Persian Wars

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10
Q

Polis Size

A

Usually quite small, 350KM area. Athens was exceptional with 2589KM area and 40k citizens

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11
Q

Ethnos

A

Group of villages that share foreign policy but self-rule

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12
Q

koinon

A

Alliance

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13
Q

Synedrion

A

Council/Assembly

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14
Q

First Amphictyony

A

Centered on Thermopolaye and Demeter worship at Anthela

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15
Q

Delphic Amphictyony

A

Centered on Delphi and Apollo Worship
Most of Greece north of Attica.
MASSIVE amount of land/people
Sparta/Athens wanted to mobilize it

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16
Q

Bronze Age Historians

A

chronographers; King lists

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17
Q

Dark Age Historians

A

Oral Tradition

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18
Q

Archaic Period

A

Epic Poetry

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19
Q

Great Man Theory

A

“Great Men” are the true movers and shakers of history

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20
Q

Hecataeus of Miletus

A

Late 5th/early 4th century historian
Periodos; World map and ethnography
Heroologia; Geneology of heros

21
Q

Ethnography

A

Study of peoples/cultures

22
Q

Limits of Ancient History

A

4 generation rule
Rarely impartial (Educational/Memorial works)
Low standards of proof (eye witness accounts, documents, speeches)
Heavily influenced by writer’s world view/morals

23
Q

Herodotus

A

4th Century Historian

Born in Halicarnassus, Ionia (Persia)

24
Q

Historia/History

A

Inquiry/Study of battles/events

25
Herodotus's Method
``` See event (Opsis) Get hearsay (Akoe) Analyze hearsay (Eikos) Make critical judgement with evidence (Gnome) Interviewed all sides Narrative style ```
26
Histories or Persian Wars
``` 9 Books 1. Intro/illustrate method 2. Egypt (ethno) 3. Persia (ethno) 4. Scythia/North Africa (ethno) 5. Balkans/Thrace/Greece (ethno) 6. Ionian Revolt 7-9. Invasion of Xerxes ```
27
thaumatology
Study of wonders
28
Themes of Histories
Hellenocentric Clash of Civs (East vs West) Says Persian wars are because the Greeks overreacted to the abduction of a women Moral Framework; Noble nature corrupted by power/wealth
29
Polis Revolutions
Rising middle class demand privileges Land ownership crisis Aristocratic rivalries
30
Solutions to Polis Revolution Factors
Colonization (send away dissidents) | Reform (led to the Greek Tyrants)
31
Typical Acts of Tyrants
``` Personal propaganda Warfare (expansion) Push religion, patron arts Building programs, trade reform Persecute rivals, reorganize population's tribes ```
32
Corinth
Major power and colonizer (Syracuse, Corcyra) Powerful economics (controls Ismuth) Many artifacts destroyed when Rome sacked it Had no central agora, diffused
33
Corinth's Government
Led by Bacchidai nobility | Had to marry within family
34
Cypselus
``` 6th Century and 1st Tyrant of Corinth Son of a Bacchidai and non-Bacchidai Supported by discontent wealthy Implemented Council of 80 with 8 Probouloi Founded clonies, built temples ```
35
Perimander
2nd Tyrant of Corinth | Originally milder, after advice from Thrasyboulos becomes brutal
36
Cypselus II/Psammetichos
Last Tyrant of Corinth Linked to Psammetichos of Egypt Murdered in 585BC
37
The Sparta Problem
No primary sources locally created, all sources from foreigners
38
Eurotas River Valley
Center of Lakonia, source of main settlements
39
Taygetos Mountains
Where the Spartans "exposed" unfit newborns
40
First Messinian War
Spartans conquer a chunk of Messinia and helotize the population in late 7th century
41
Partheniai
Children born from affairs during the First Messinian War. Sent off to form Tarentum Colony
42
Battle of Hyseia
669 BC Sparta Defeated by Argos Possible first battle with Greek Hoplite/Phalanx
43
Second Messinian War
Helots rebelled, Spartans now paranoid Fully helotize Messinia Cull Helots
44
Social Changes due to Messinian War
Spartans can't do manual labor or trade (focus on war and politics) Great Rhetra introduced
45
Great Rhetra
``` Great Utterance Endorsed by Apollo Gerousia (elder council) Apella (general assembly) Ephors (overseers) Added later ```
46
Agoge Classes
Paides 7-17; Pedarastic relationship Paidiskoi 18-19; Army Cadet Hebontes 20-29; Join army, elder in Pedarastic relationship; join Syssiton)
47
Syssiton
Army unit Spartans must be accepted too | Can't afford the dues to support it you lose status (hypomeiones)
48
Hippeis
Cavalry; Provided by the rich; Made up of that can't be Hoplites without training

greek religion (3 decks)

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