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greek religion > Greek History > Flashcards

Greek History Flashcards

1
Q

Dark Age

A 
75% Pop drop
Loss of international trade and writing
No more urban centers
Deterioration of fine arts; Proto-Geometrict Style
Big man government
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2
Q

Oral Tradition

A

Dark Age = Age of Heros
5 Ages of Man
Trojan War

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3
Q

Dark Age Culture

A

Xenia is super important
Epic burial
Proto-geometrict/geometric Style Pottery

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4
Q

Epic Burials

A

Primary cremation, Processions, mound, funeral games

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5
Q

Lefkandi Burials

A

Female Inhumation: Weapons, armor, artwork
Male cremation: Warrior burial
Burial of 4 horses

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6
Q

Proto-Geometric/Geometric Pottery

A

Scenes from epic poetry
Burial scenes
Pottery for Symposiums

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7
Q

Archaic Period State-Types

A

Macro States: Countries (Egypt)

Micro States: Polis/City-states (everyone else)

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8
Q

Chalkis/Eritrea

A

Polis from Euboea. Rivals. Warred themselves into irrelevance. Prolific colonizers (Syria, Italy, Sicily)

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9
Q

Lelatine War

A

War between Chalkis/Eritrea. Only war with multiple Polis on each side between Troy and Persian Wars

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10
Q

Polis Size

A

Usually quite small, 350KM area. Athens was exceptional with 2589KM area and 40k citizens

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11
Q

Ethnos

A

Group of villages that share foreign policy but self-rule

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12
Q

koinon

A

Alliance

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13
Q

Synedrion

A

Council/Assembly

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14
Q

First Amphictyony

A

Centered on Thermopolaye and Demeter worship at Anthela

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15
Q

Delphic Amphictyony

A

Centered on Delphi and Apollo Worship
Most of Greece north of Attica.
MASSIVE amount of land/people
Sparta/Athens wanted to mobilize it

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16
Q

Bronze Age Historians

A

chronographers; King lists

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17
Q

Dark Age Historians

A

Oral Tradition

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18
Q

Archaic Period

A

Epic Poetry

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19
Q

Great Man Theory

A

“Great Men” are the true movers and shakers of history

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20
Q

Hecataeus of Miletus

A

Late 5th/early 4th century historian
Periodos; World map and ethnography
Heroologia; Geneology of heros

21
Q

Ethnography

A

Study of peoples/cultures

22
Q

Limits of Ancient History

A

4 generation rule
Rarely impartial (Educational/Memorial works)
Low standards of proof (eye witness accounts, documents, speeches)
Heavily influenced by writer’s world view/morals

23
Q

Herodotus

A

4th Century Historian

Born in Halicarnassus, Ionia (Persia)

24
Q

Historia/History

A

Inquiry/Study of battles/events

25
Q

Herodotus’s Method

A 
See event (Opsis)
Get hearsay (Akoe)
Analyze hearsay (Eikos)
Make critical judgement with evidence (Gnome)
Interviewed all sides
Narrative style
26
Q

Histories or Persian Wars

A 
9 Books
1. Intro/illustrate method
2. Egypt (ethno)
3. Persia (ethno)
4. Scythia/North Africa (ethno)
5. Balkans/Thrace/Greece (ethno)
6. Ionian Revolt
7-9. Invasion of Xerxes
27
Q

thaumatology

A

Study of wonders

28
Q

Themes of Histories

A

Hellenocentric
Clash of Civs (East vs West)
Says Persian wars are because the Greeks overreacted to the abduction of a women
Moral Framework; Noble nature corrupted by power/wealth

29
Q

Polis Revolutions

A

Rising middle class demand privileges
Land ownership crisis
Aristocratic rivalries

30
Q

Solutions to Polis Revolution Factors

A

Colonization (send away dissidents)

Reform (led to the Greek Tyrants)

31
Q

Typical Acts of Tyrants

A 
Personal propaganda
Warfare (expansion)
Push religion, patron arts
Building programs, trade reform
Persecute rivals, reorganize population's tribes
32
Q

Corinth

A

Major power and colonizer (Syracuse, Corcyra)
Powerful economics (controls Ismuth)
Many artifacts destroyed when Rome sacked it
Had no central agora, diffused

33
Q

Corinth’s Government

A

Led by Bacchidai nobility

Had to marry within family

34
Q

Cypselus

A 
6th Century and 1st Tyrant of Corinth
Son of a Bacchidai and non-Bacchidai
Supported by discontent wealthy
Implemented Council of 80 with 8 Probouloi
Founded clonies, built temples
35
Q

Perimander

A

2nd Tyrant of Corinth

Originally milder, after advice from Thrasyboulos becomes brutal

36
Q

Cypselus II/Psammetichos

A

Last Tyrant of Corinth
Linked to Psammetichos of Egypt
Murdered in 585BC

37
Q

The Sparta Problem

A

No primary sources locally created, all sources from foreigners

38
Q

Eurotas River Valley

A

Center of Lakonia, source of main settlements

39
Q

Taygetos Mountains

A

Where the Spartans “exposed” unfit newborns

40
Q

First Messinian War

A

Spartans conquer a chunk of Messinia and helotize the population in late 7th century

41
Q

Partheniai

A

Children born from affairs during the First Messinian War. Sent off to form Tarentum Colony

42
Q

Battle of Hyseia

A

669 BC
Sparta Defeated by Argos
Possible first battle with Greek Hoplite/Phalanx

43
Q

Second Messinian War

A

Helots rebelled, Spartans now paranoid
Fully helotize Messinia
Cull Helots

44
Q

Social Changes due to Messinian War

A

Spartans can’t do manual labor or trade (focus on war and politics)
Great Rhetra introduced

45
Q

Great Rhetra

A 
Great Utterance
Endorsed by Apollo
Gerousia (elder council)
Apella (general assembly)
Ephors (overseers) Added later
46
Q

Agoge Classes

A

Paides 7-17; Pedarastic relationship
Paidiskoi 18-19; Army Cadet
Hebontes 20-29; Join army, elder in Pedarastic relationship; join Syssiton)

47
Q

Syssiton

A

Army unit Spartans must be accepted too

Can’t afford the dues to support it you lose status (hypomeiones)

48
Q

Hippeis

A

Cavalry; Provided by the rich; Made up of that can’t be Hoplites without training

greek religion (3 decks)

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