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World History > Greek definitons > Flashcards

Greek definitons Flashcards

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0
Q

Eratosthenes

A

astronomer who estimated the true circumference of the earth

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1
Q

Aristochus

A

astronomer who believed that planets revolved around the sun and that the sun was larger than the earth

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2
Q

Archimedes

A

calculated pi

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3
Q

Pythagoras

A

figured out the pythagreom theorem

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4
Q

Stoicism

A

religion that believed you should live in harmony with the god’s wills and the laws of nature

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5
Q

Epicureanism

A

believed that god’s had no interest in the humans, and that you should pursue humanly pleasures

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6
Q

2 famous scuptures?

A

Nike and Colossus of Rhodes

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7
Q

Hellenistic Art?

A

more realistic

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8
Q

Classical Art?

A

wanted the perfect version of the creature that they were portraying

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9
Q

Who fought in the Trojan War?

A

The people in Mycenaean and the people in the city of Troy

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10
Q

What were two reasons that leaving near water was beneficial to Greek culture?

A
  • caused cultural diffusion

- helped trading and traveling

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11
Q

Who were Dorians?

A

a civilization that came after the Mycenaeans that had no written records

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12
Q

Polis?

A

Greek city-state

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13
Q

What were the four types of government?

A

aristocracy, democracy, oligarchy, monarchy

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14
Q

Who were the three major Greek reformers?

A

Draco, Solon, Clesthenes

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15
Q

oligarchy?

A

a form of government that consists of a few (usually wealthy) people that held power

16
Q

Aristocracy?

A

A group of privileged people that held the power

17
Q

Who were the “citizens” in Athenian culture?

A

free native adult males

18
Q

What was the social pyramid/organization of government in Sparta from top to bottom?

A

2 kings, 5 officials, Council of Elders, Assembly

19
Q

Who fought against each other in the Persian War?

A

Persia and Greece

20
Q

Who were the 2 leaders of Persia during the Persian Wars?

A

Darius and Xerxes(Darius’ son)

21
Q

What was the battle during the Persian War that:

  • Greeks won
  • a man ran all the way back to Athens to inform about the triumph, but then died afterwards
A

Marathon

22
Q

Which battle during the Persian War:

  • set in a narrow passage
  • Greek outnumbered by thousands
  • All Spartans were killed
  • Persia won
A

Thermopylea

23
Q

Who was the leader of the Greeks during the Battle of Thermopylea?

A

Leonadis

24
Q

What was the battle of Salamis?

A

A battle in which the Greeks met with the Persians for the last time. They met in a channel and the Greeks won

25
Q

What were two consequences of the Persian War?

A
  • The greek city states were unified under the Delian League

- it launched athens into a “golden age”

26
Q

Who was Pericles?

A

The ruler of Athens during the Golden Age, after the Persian Wars

27
Q

What were Pericles 3 goals for Athens?-

A
  • beautify Athens
  • hold and strengthen the empire
  • strengthen Athenian democracy
28
Q

What was the Pelopennesian War?

A

A war between Sparta and Athens

29
Q

What caused Sparta to win the Pelopennesian War?

A

Pericles kept the Athenian people inside Athen’s city walls, but a plague which wiped out a third of the population; then the athenians sent warriors to battle and eventually surrendered to the Spartans

30
Q

What did Plato believe?

A

3 social classes:

  • Ruling Class
  • Warriors
  • Farmers/Artisans
31
Q

What did Aristotle come up with?

A

the scientific method

32
Q

Who was Macedonia’s first ruler?

A

King Phillip II

33
Q

Who was the ruler that conquered an INSANE amount of land?

A

Alexander the Great

34
Q

What did Alexander the Great do UNINTENTIONALLY?

A

start Hellenistic culture

35
Q

What 4 cultures influenced Hellenistic culture?

A

Persia, Egypt, Greece, and India

36
Q

What was Alexandria, Egypt

A

the center of hellenistic culture

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