chapter 22 (Scientific Revolution) Flashcards
What is the heliocentric theory?
The theory that the sun is the center of the earth
What is the geocentric theory?
the scientific theory that the earth is the center of the universe
What are the four steps of the scientific method?
observation, hypothesis, testing, and analysis
What were some causes that sparked the Scientific Revolution?
- exploration of new lands called for better technology
- printing press (spread new ideas)
What were some of Galileo’s major acheivements?
- confirmed the heliocentric theory
- discovered that moons and stars were not made of pure substance
What did the Church do to Galileo?
- told him to take back his statements or else be torchured
- he lied to not be torchured
- was on house arrest for the rest of his life
What two scientists together discovered the heliocentric theory?
Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler
Define epiricism
approach that urged scientists to experiment and then draw conclusions
What scientist believed in empiricism?
Francis Bacon
What did René Descartes support?
the use of math and logic to determine an answer of a scientific question
What book did Descartes write?
A Discourse on Method
What law did Newton discover?
The law of gravity
What is the law that explains how volume, pressure, and temperature of gas affect each other?
Boyle’s Law
Define the term “social contract”
the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government
What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
That all people were born equally greedy and social contract was the best solution
